Practice Exam for CDN Course
questions #2 an Answers
AllwofwthewfollowingwarewcharacteristicswofwNephriticwSyndromewwithwthe
exceptionwof?
Azotemiaw
w
Hypertensionw
w
Hypercoagulabilityw
w
Hematuriaw-wCORRECTwANSWER-CorrectwAnswer:
w
Hypercoagulability
HypercoagulabilitywwouldwbewawcharacteristicwofwNephroticwSyndrome.
ThewcharacteristicswofwNephriticwSyndromeware:
Azotemia
Hypertension
Hematuria
MildworwnowProteinuria
ActivewUrinewSediment
Allwofwthewfollowingwnursingwinterventionswshouldwbewimplementedwtowhelp
preventwinfectionswduringwperitonealwdialysiswtreatments,wexcept?
Observewthewclaritywandwthewcolorwofwtheweffluent.w
w
Onlywchangewthewexit-sitewdressingwwhenwitwbecomeswsoiled.w
w
,Observewstrictwasepticwtechniqueswduringwcatheterwdressingwchanges.w
w
wMonitorwthewpatient'swrenalwbloodwureawnitrogenwandwcreatininewclearancewlevels.w-wCORRECTwANSWER-
CorrectwAnswer:
Onlywchangewthewexit-sitewdressingwwhenwitwbecomeswsoiled.
Thewexit-sitewdressingwiswtypicallywchangedwdailyworwmorewoftenwifwthe
circumstancewwarrantswit.wThewpolicywandwprocedureswofwthewfacilitywneed
towbewfollowedwforwthewchangingwofwthewexit-sitewdressing.wThewotherw3
optionswabovewwouldwbewinterventionswthatwcouldwbewimplementedwtowhelp
preventwinfections.
Allwofwthewfollowingwshouldwmakewthewphysicianwsuspiciouswofwrenal
arterywstenosiswinwawpatientwexcept?
a.wDecreasedwrenalwfunction.w
w
b.wAwcontrolledwbloodwpressurewwithw1worw2wbloodwpressurewmedications.w
w
c.wUncontrolledwbloodwpressurewwithwatwleastw3wbloodwpressurewmedicationswat
w
nearwmaximumwdoses.w
d.wKnownwvascularwdisease.w-wCORRECTwANSWER-CorrectwAnswer:
w
Awcontrolledwbloodwpressurewwithw1worw2wbloodwpressurewmedicationswatwnear
maximumwdoses.
Whenwawphysicianwiswcaringwforwawpatientwthatwiswonw3worwmorewblood
pressurewmedicationswatwthewnearwmaximumwdosewandwthewpatientswblood
pressurewiswstillwuncontrollable,wthenwtheywshouldwbewsuspiciouswof
renalwarterywstenosis.wInwaddition,wifwthewpatientwalreadywhaswknown
vascularwdiseasewandwawdecreasedwrenalwfunction,witwwouldwmakewthemwa
morewlikelywcandidatewforwthiswcondition.
,Allwofwthewfollowingwwouldwbewconsideredwawcommonwagentwthatwcanwcontribute
towkidneywdiseasewexcept?
Glucosew
w
Contrastwmediaw
w
Drugsw
w
Heavywmetalsw-wCORRECTwANSWER-CorrectwAnswer:
w
Glucose
Glucosewiswnotwanwagentwthatwtypicallywcontributeswtowkidneywdisease.
Contrastwmedia,wdrugs,wandwheavywmetalswcanwcontributewtowkidneywdisease.
Thewkidneyswarewawfrequentwtargetwforwtoxicwinjury,wbecausewtheywarewthe
majorwroutewofwexcretionwforwawnumberwofwdrugs.
Allwofwthewfollowingwwouldwbewconsideredwinhibitorswofwdrugwmetabolismwexcept?
Erythromycinw
w
Grapefruitwjuicew
w
Rifampinw
w
Cimetidinew-wCORRECTwANSWER-CorrectwAnswer:
w
Rifampin
Rifampinwwouldwbewanwinducerwofwdrugwmetabolism.
Erythromycin,wgrapefruitwjuice,wandwcimetidinewwouldwbewinhibitorswofwdrugwmetabolism.
Allwofwthewfollowingwwouldwbewtakenwintowconsiderationwwhenwofferingwa
patientwdialysiswexcept?
, Awlifewexpectancywofwmorewthanw60wdays.w
w
Awpatientwthatwiswnotwdyingwfromwawnonrenalwcause.w
w
Thewpatientwthatwhaswawlifewexpectancywofwlesswthanw30wdays.w
w
wThewpatientwthatwpossesseswthewabilitywtowinteractwwithwthewenvironment.w-wCORRECTwANSWER-
CorrectwAnswer:
Thewpatientwthatwhaswawlifewexpectancywofwlesswthanw30wdays.
Whenwtalkingwwithwthewpatientwand/orwsurrogates,wthewprincipleswof
autonomy,wbeneficence,wnonmaleficence,wandwjusticewshouldwbewutilized
andwtemperedwwithwthewinformedwconsent,wobligations,wprofessionalwduties,
andwsharedwdecisionwmaking.wThewabovew3woptionswshouldwbewtakenwinto
considerationwpriorwtowofferingwthewpatientwdialysis.wIfwthewpatientwdoes
notwmeetwthesewoptions,wtheywmaywstillwbewofferedwshortwtimewdialysis.
Atwwhichwpointwwhenwevaluatingwawpatientwwithwkidneywdiseasewwouldwthewpatientwbe
referredwtowawnephrologistwbewappropriate?
Unexplainedwanemiaw+weGFRw<60wmL/min/1.73m2w
w
eGFRw<30wmL/min/1.73wm2w
w
ACRw>30wmg/mmolw(300wmg/g)w
w
Allwofwthewabovew-wCORRECTwANSWER-CorrectwAnswer:
w
Allwofwthewabove
Referralwtowawnephrologistwmightwbewconsideredwappropriate:
Unexplainedwanemiaw+weGFR<60wmL/min/1.73m2.
eGFRw<30wmL/min/1.73wm2
ACRw>30wmg/mmolw(300wmg/g)
Hypertensionwhardwtowgetwtowtargetwdespite
questions #2 an Answers
AllwofwthewfollowingwarewcharacteristicswofwNephriticwSyndromewwithwthe
exceptionwof?
Azotemiaw
w
Hypertensionw
w
Hypercoagulabilityw
w
Hematuriaw-wCORRECTwANSWER-CorrectwAnswer:
w
Hypercoagulability
HypercoagulabilitywwouldwbewawcharacteristicwofwNephroticwSyndrome.
ThewcharacteristicswofwNephriticwSyndromeware:
Azotemia
Hypertension
Hematuria
MildworwnowProteinuria
ActivewUrinewSediment
Allwofwthewfollowingwnursingwinterventionswshouldwbewimplementedwtowhelp
preventwinfectionswduringwperitonealwdialysiswtreatments,wexcept?
Observewthewclaritywandwthewcolorwofwtheweffluent.w
w
Onlywchangewthewexit-sitewdressingwwhenwitwbecomeswsoiled.w
w
,Observewstrictwasepticwtechniqueswduringwcatheterwdressingwchanges.w
w
wMonitorwthewpatient'swrenalwbloodwureawnitrogenwandwcreatininewclearancewlevels.w-wCORRECTwANSWER-
CorrectwAnswer:
Onlywchangewthewexit-sitewdressingwwhenwitwbecomeswsoiled.
Thewexit-sitewdressingwiswtypicallywchangedwdailyworwmorewoftenwifwthe
circumstancewwarrantswit.wThewpolicywandwprocedureswofwthewfacilitywneed
towbewfollowedwforwthewchangingwofwthewexit-sitewdressing.wThewotherw3
optionswabovewwouldwbewinterventionswthatwcouldwbewimplementedwtowhelp
preventwinfections.
Allwofwthewfollowingwshouldwmakewthewphysicianwsuspiciouswofwrenal
arterywstenosiswinwawpatientwexcept?
a.wDecreasedwrenalwfunction.w
w
b.wAwcontrolledwbloodwpressurewwithw1worw2wbloodwpressurewmedications.w
w
c.wUncontrolledwbloodwpressurewwithwatwleastw3wbloodwpressurewmedicationswat
w
nearwmaximumwdoses.w
d.wKnownwvascularwdisease.w-wCORRECTwANSWER-CorrectwAnswer:
w
Awcontrolledwbloodwpressurewwithw1worw2wbloodwpressurewmedicationswatwnear
maximumwdoses.
Whenwawphysicianwiswcaringwforwawpatientwthatwiswonw3worwmorewblood
pressurewmedicationswatwthewnearwmaximumwdosewandwthewpatientswblood
pressurewiswstillwuncontrollable,wthenwtheywshouldwbewsuspiciouswof
renalwarterywstenosis.wInwaddition,wifwthewpatientwalreadywhaswknown
vascularwdiseasewandwawdecreasedwrenalwfunction,witwwouldwmakewthemwa
morewlikelywcandidatewforwthiswcondition.
,Allwofwthewfollowingwwouldwbewconsideredwawcommonwagentwthatwcanwcontribute
towkidneywdiseasewexcept?
Glucosew
w
Contrastwmediaw
w
Drugsw
w
Heavywmetalsw-wCORRECTwANSWER-CorrectwAnswer:
w
Glucose
Glucosewiswnotwanwagentwthatwtypicallywcontributeswtowkidneywdisease.
Contrastwmedia,wdrugs,wandwheavywmetalswcanwcontributewtowkidneywdisease.
Thewkidneyswarewawfrequentwtargetwforwtoxicwinjury,wbecausewtheywarewthe
majorwroutewofwexcretionwforwawnumberwofwdrugs.
Allwofwthewfollowingwwouldwbewconsideredwinhibitorswofwdrugwmetabolismwexcept?
Erythromycinw
w
Grapefruitwjuicew
w
Rifampinw
w
Cimetidinew-wCORRECTwANSWER-CorrectwAnswer:
w
Rifampin
Rifampinwwouldwbewanwinducerwofwdrugwmetabolism.
Erythromycin,wgrapefruitwjuice,wandwcimetidinewwouldwbewinhibitorswofwdrugwmetabolism.
Allwofwthewfollowingwwouldwbewtakenwintowconsiderationwwhenwofferingwa
patientwdialysiswexcept?
, Awlifewexpectancywofwmorewthanw60wdays.w
w
Awpatientwthatwiswnotwdyingwfromwawnonrenalwcause.w
w
Thewpatientwthatwhaswawlifewexpectancywofwlesswthanw30wdays.w
w
wThewpatientwthatwpossesseswthewabilitywtowinteractwwithwthewenvironment.w-wCORRECTwANSWER-
CorrectwAnswer:
Thewpatientwthatwhaswawlifewexpectancywofwlesswthanw30wdays.
Whenwtalkingwwithwthewpatientwand/orwsurrogates,wthewprincipleswof
autonomy,wbeneficence,wnonmaleficence,wandwjusticewshouldwbewutilized
andwtemperedwwithwthewinformedwconsent,wobligations,wprofessionalwduties,
andwsharedwdecisionwmaking.wThewabovew3woptionswshouldwbewtakenwinto
considerationwpriorwtowofferingwthewpatientwdialysis.wIfwthewpatientwdoes
notwmeetwthesewoptions,wtheywmaywstillwbewofferedwshortwtimewdialysis.
Atwwhichwpointwwhenwevaluatingwawpatientwwithwkidneywdiseasewwouldwthewpatientwbe
referredwtowawnephrologistwbewappropriate?
Unexplainedwanemiaw+weGFRw<60wmL/min/1.73m2w
w
eGFRw<30wmL/min/1.73wm2w
w
ACRw>30wmg/mmolw(300wmg/g)w
w
Allwofwthewabovew-wCORRECTwANSWER-CorrectwAnswer:
w
Allwofwthewabove
Referralwtowawnephrologistwmightwbewconsideredwappropriate:
Unexplainedwanemiaw+weGFR<60wmL/min/1.73m2.
eGFRw<30wmL/min/1.73wm2
ACRw>30wmg/mmolw(300wmg/g)
Hypertensionwhardwtowgetwtowtargetwdespite
