GLY2010 Midterm (Answered) 100% Correct.
2024/2025.
What is geology?
a branch of natural science concerned with THE EARTH and other astronomical objects, THE ROCKS
of which it is composed, and the processes by which they change over TIME
what is science?
TESTABLE explanations and predictions about the universe
Occam's Razor (Law of Parsimony)
choose the simplest scientific explanation that fits the evidence
ex) blinking example in class
Hypothesis vs Theory
Hypothesis: proposed explanation for some phenomena based on limited evidence. Not scientifically
tested or proven
Theory: idea that is intended to explain facts or events. Scientifically tested and proven. Lots of data
Solar System Formation
-formed from the collapse of a giant cloud of interstellar gas
-as cloud shrinks in, it spins faster and faster
-heavy elements collide and clump together
-clumps grow and develop into gravitational fields
-clumps from planets
heliosphere
The region of space where solar wind has a significant influence. Encompasses the entire solar
system.
magnetosphere
region of space where the dominant magnetic field is the magnetic field of earth rather than
interstellar space
, Why is Earth magnetic?
geodynamo (molten core)
van allen radiation belts
radiation belts surrounding Earth that protect us from harmful radiation of the Sun
earths early atmosphere
Mostly H and He
Earths Hadean Atmosphere
from volcanic and tectonic degassing
-major greenhouse gasses
hydrosphere
water on earth including both surface and ground water
cryosphere
portions of the earth where water is in solid form: snow cover, floating ice
biosphere
the regions of the surface, atmosphere, and hydrosphere of the earth occupied by living organisms
chemical layers of earth
crust-mantle-core
mechanical layers of earth
lithosphere
asthenosphere
lower mantle
outer core
inner core
isostasy
the state of gravitational equilibrium between earths crust and mantle, such that the crust 'floats' on
the denser underlying mantle
2024/2025.
What is geology?
a branch of natural science concerned with THE EARTH and other astronomical objects, THE ROCKS
of which it is composed, and the processes by which they change over TIME
what is science?
TESTABLE explanations and predictions about the universe
Occam's Razor (Law of Parsimony)
choose the simplest scientific explanation that fits the evidence
ex) blinking example in class
Hypothesis vs Theory
Hypothesis: proposed explanation for some phenomena based on limited evidence. Not scientifically
tested or proven
Theory: idea that is intended to explain facts or events. Scientifically tested and proven. Lots of data
Solar System Formation
-formed from the collapse of a giant cloud of interstellar gas
-as cloud shrinks in, it spins faster and faster
-heavy elements collide and clump together
-clumps grow and develop into gravitational fields
-clumps from planets
heliosphere
The region of space where solar wind has a significant influence. Encompasses the entire solar
system.
magnetosphere
region of space where the dominant magnetic field is the magnetic field of earth rather than
interstellar space
, Why is Earth magnetic?
geodynamo (molten core)
van allen radiation belts
radiation belts surrounding Earth that protect us from harmful radiation of the Sun
earths early atmosphere
Mostly H and He
Earths Hadean Atmosphere
from volcanic and tectonic degassing
-major greenhouse gasses
hydrosphere
water on earth including both surface and ground water
cryosphere
portions of the earth where water is in solid form: snow cover, floating ice
biosphere
the regions of the surface, atmosphere, and hydrosphere of the earth occupied by living organisms
chemical layers of earth
crust-mantle-core
mechanical layers of earth
lithosphere
asthenosphere
lower mantle
outer core
inner core
isostasy
the state of gravitational equilibrium between earths crust and mantle, such that the crust 'floats' on
the denser underlying mantle
