Primary Prevention
protection against disease before signs and symptoms occur
-immunization, health education initiatives (food, exercises, avoiding smoking,
alcohol)
Secondary Prevention
activities that promote early detection of disease
-screening, regular exams (breast exams)
Tertiary Prevention
activities initiated in the convalescence stage to prevent progression
-managing to reduce complications and prolong functional status, slow down
the progress (diabetes)
Health Promotion
-directed towards increasing the level of well-being and self-actualization
-comprehensive social and political process
-actions: strengthing skills and capabilities for individuals & changing social,
environmental and economic conditions
Concepts for Health Promotion
-enabling people to increase control over the determinants of health = improve
their health
-buy-in/participation = sustainability
Health Promotion Strategies
-build healthy public policy
-create suppterm-4ortive environments
-strengthen community action
-develop personal skills
-reorient health services
, Health Protection
-protection, promotion and optimization of health and abilities
-prevention of illness and injury
-alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis and treatment of human
responses
-advocacy in the care of individuals, families, communities and populations
Disease Prevention
-measures taken to prevent the occurrence of disease
-immunizations, health education and lifestyle modifications
-includes primary and secondary prevention
Determinants of Health
-social and economic environment
-physical environment
-individual characteristics and behaviours
Social and Economic Environment
-income
-education
-employment
-social support
Physical Environment
-access to clean water
-air quality
-safe housing
-safe workplaces
Individual Characteristics and Behaviours
-genetics
-lifestyle choices
-personal health practices
Lalonde Report
protection against disease before signs and symptoms occur
-immunization, health education initiatives (food, exercises, avoiding smoking,
alcohol)
Secondary Prevention
activities that promote early detection of disease
-screening, regular exams (breast exams)
Tertiary Prevention
activities initiated in the convalescence stage to prevent progression
-managing to reduce complications and prolong functional status, slow down
the progress (diabetes)
Health Promotion
-directed towards increasing the level of well-being and self-actualization
-comprehensive social and political process
-actions: strengthing skills and capabilities for individuals & changing social,
environmental and economic conditions
Concepts for Health Promotion
-enabling people to increase control over the determinants of health = improve
their health
-buy-in/participation = sustainability
Health Promotion Strategies
-build healthy public policy
-create suppterm-4ortive environments
-strengthen community action
-develop personal skills
-reorient health services
, Health Protection
-protection, promotion and optimization of health and abilities
-prevention of illness and injury
-alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis and treatment of human
responses
-advocacy in the care of individuals, families, communities and populations
Disease Prevention
-measures taken to prevent the occurrence of disease
-immunizations, health education and lifestyle modifications
-includes primary and secondary prevention
Determinants of Health
-social and economic environment
-physical environment
-individual characteristics and behaviours
Social and Economic Environment
-income
-education
-employment
-social support
Physical Environment
-access to clean water
-air quality
-safe housing
-safe workplaces
Individual Characteristics and Behaviours
-genetics
-lifestyle choices
-personal health practices
Lalonde Report
