CNIH 170 Dental Hygiene Principals Exam with Approved
Questions and Answers | Latest Update
What are dental stains? - ✔✔Stain is a discolored spot or area on the tooth that
contrasts with the rest of the tooth color.
Name the 3 basic ways a stain occurs. - ✔✔1-Stain adheres directly to the surface of
the tooth.
2-Stain can be embedded in calculus and plaque depots.
3-stains are incorporated within the tooth structure.
There are 2 classifications of stains. - ✔✔1-Extrinsic
2-Intrinsic
What is an Extrinsic stain? - ✔✔Stain on the surface of the tooth or teeth
Can usually be removed by scaling with hand-activation, ultrasonic instrumentation,
rubber-cup & air polishing.
What is an Intrinsic stain? - ✔✔Stain within the tooth or teeth.
Cannot be removed by scaling or polishing.
What are the 2 classifications of an intrinsic stain? - ✔✔1-Endogenous
2-Exogenous
Explain endogenous stains: - ✔✔Acquired during tooth development within the tooth
from developmental & systemic disturbances
From medications such as tetracycline
Explain exogenous stains: - ✔✔Acquired after the tooth has erupted
Originates outside the tooth & are caused by environmental agents
What causative factors can intrinsic stains be? - ✔✔Heredity
Developmental due to:
-high fevers
-trauma
, -excessive intake of fluoride
-tetracycline
Appearance: moltted or stained appearance to the tooth
Review: - ✔✔Extrinsinc stains are always exogenous
Intrinsic stains may originate from exogenous or endogenous sources
Stains are primarily anesthetic problem
For stains that cannot be removed, there are other treatment options such as
professionnal & at home bleaching procedures enamel microabrassion, cosmetic
restorative procedures
Name all four extrinsic stains: - ✔✔1. Grenn stains
2. Black line stains
3. Tobacco stains
4. Yellow stains
Possible causes of stains: - ✔✔From bacteria left in the mouth
Smoking cigarettes, cigars or pipes
Spit tobacco, marijuana
Chlorhexidine rinse
Tea coffee, cola, berries, red wine
Iron tablets
Poor oral hygiene
What are the methods of extrinsic stain removal? - ✔✔Scaling by hand (least abrasive)
Ultrasonic instrumentation
Rubber cup polishing
Air polishing
What are the adverse effects of coronal polishing? - ✔✔Creation of aerosols/splatter
Creation of bacteremia (bacteria introduced into bloodstream)
Damage to tooth structures
Damage to retorative materials
Setup for fluoride application armamentarium - ✔✔1-mouth mirror, 2-cotton pliers, 3-
fluoride trays, 4-cotton rolls(6), 5-fluoride gel, 6-air syringe, 7-timer, 8-saliva ejectors, 9-
Questions and Answers | Latest Update
What are dental stains? - ✔✔Stain is a discolored spot or area on the tooth that
contrasts with the rest of the tooth color.
Name the 3 basic ways a stain occurs. - ✔✔1-Stain adheres directly to the surface of
the tooth.
2-Stain can be embedded in calculus and plaque depots.
3-stains are incorporated within the tooth structure.
There are 2 classifications of stains. - ✔✔1-Extrinsic
2-Intrinsic
What is an Extrinsic stain? - ✔✔Stain on the surface of the tooth or teeth
Can usually be removed by scaling with hand-activation, ultrasonic instrumentation,
rubber-cup & air polishing.
What is an Intrinsic stain? - ✔✔Stain within the tooth or teeth.
Cannot be removed by scaling or polishing.
What are the 2 classifications of an intrinsic stain? - ✔✔1-Endogenous
2-Exogenous
Explain endogenous stains: - ✔✔Acquired during tooth development within the tooth
from developmental & systemic disturbances
From medications such as tetracycline
Explain exogenous stains: - ✔✔Acquired after the tooth has erupted
Originates outside the tooth & are caused by environmental agents
What causative factors can intrinsic stains be? - ✔✔Heredity
Developmental due to:
-high fevers
-trauma
, -excessive intake of fluoride
-tetracycline
Appearance: moltted or stained appearance to the tooth
Review: - ✔✔Extrinsinc stains are always exogenous
Intrinsic stains may originate from exogenous or endogenous sources
Stains are primarily anesthetic problem
For stains that cannot be removed, there are other treatment options such as
professionnal & at home bleaching procedures enamel microabrassion, cosmetic
restorative procedures
Name all four extrinsic stains: - ✔✔1. Grenn stains
2. Black line stains
3. Tobacco stains
4. Yellow stains
Possible causes of stains: - ✔✔From bacteria left in the mouth
Smoking cigarettes, cigars or pipes
Spit tobacco, marijuana
Chlorhexidine rinse
Tea coffee, cola, berries, red wine
Iron tablets
Poor oral hygiene
What are the methods of extrinsic stain removal? - ✔✔Scaling by hand (least abrasive)
Ultrasonic instrumentation
Rubber cup polishing
Air polishing
What are the adverse effects of coronal polishing? - ✔✔Creation of aerosols/splatter
Creation of bacteremia (bacteria introduced into bloodstream)
Damage to tooth structures
Damage to retorative materials
Setup for fluoride application armamentarium - ✔✔1-mouth mirror, 2-cotton pliers, 3-
fluoride trays, 4-cotton rolls(6), 5-fluoride gel, 6-air syringe, 7-timer, 8-saliva ejectors, 9-
