CNIH Perio TEST # 1 Exam with Approved Questions and
Answers 2024
1st layer of the alveolar process - ✔✔Thin layer of bone that lines the socket and
surrounds roots.
Has numerous holes to allow blood vessels from cancellous bone to connect with
vessels of the PDL.
-PDL fibers are embedded.
-no periosteum.
Trabecular/cancellous bone - ✔✔2nd layer of alveolar process.
Spongy, lattice-like bone filler between the cortical bone and alveolar bone proper.
oriented around the tooth to form support for the alveolar bone proper
Specialized Mucosa - ✔✔Covers the dorsal surface of the tongue.
Lining (alveolar) Mucosa - ✔✔Loosely attached to underlying structures and covered
with non-keratinized epithelium.
-From mucogingival junction to mucous membrane of lips, cheeks, floor of the mouth,
soft palate.
C. Masticatory Mucosa - ✔✔Firmly attached to underlying bone and root and covered
with para keratinized or keratinized epithelium.
-withstands frictional forces- toothbrushing/ chewing.
-includes gingiva and hard palate.
Parakeratinzed - ✔✔an epithelium in which the superficial cells have not lost their
nuclei, but have become filled with keratin.
Keratinized - ✔✔Keratin is a protein and the major component in skin, hair and nails.
Periodontium - ✔✔the functional system of tissues that surround teeth and attaches
them to sockets.
What are four components (tissues) to the periodontium? - ✔✔Gingiva, cementum,
alveolar bone, and periodontal ligament (PDL)
Gingiva - ✔✔surrounds cervical portion & covers alveolar process.
, -composed of a thin outer layer of epithelium and underlying of connective tissue.
four anatomical areas of the gingiva - ✔✔Free Gingiva,
Gingival sulcus,
Interdental Gingiva, Attached gingiva.
Function of gingiva - ✔✔Protects underlying tooth-supporting structures from oral
environment. Temp. changes, mechanical forces, bacteria.
-provides a tissue seal around cervical portion.
-Covers alveolar process of jaws.
Demarcations of the gingiva - ✔✔Free gingival margin, free gingival groove,
mucogingival junction
Free Gingival Margin - ✔✔Coronal most limit of gingiva
Free Gingival groove(line) - ✔✔shallow linear depression that separates free & attached
gingiva.
(May of may not be visible clinically)
Mucogingival junction (MGJ) - ✔✔Clinically visible boundary where pink attached
gingival meets red, shiny alveolar mucosa.
Boundaries of gingiva - ✔✔Coronal- FGM
Apical- MGJ
Acellular cementum - ✔✔Primarily responsible for attaching tooth to bone.
-no living cells
-first to be formed, no new acellular during life.
-Covers cervical 1/3 or half root.
-sharpey's fibers make p most of the structure.
Cellular Cementum - ✔✔Contains cementoblasts and fibroblasts.
-formed after tooth erupts, increases with age.
- less calcified.
-deposited in intervals on apical half of root.
Cementum characteristics - ✔✔Functions: give attachment to collagen fibers of the
PDL, protects the dentin, seals and covers open dentinal tubules, formation at apical
area can compensate for attrition/incisal wear.
Answers 2024
1st layer of the alveolar process - ✔✔Thin layer of bone that lines the socket and
surrounds roots.
Has numerous holes to allow blood vessels from cancellous bone to connect with
vessels of the PDL.
-PDL fibers are embedded.
-no periosteum.
Trabecular/cancellous bone - ✔✔2nd layer of alveolar process.
Spongy, lattice-like bone filler between the cortical bone and alveolar bone proper.
oriented around the tooth to form support for the alveolar bone proper
Specialized Mucosa - ✔✔Covers the dorsal surface of the tongue.
Lining (alveolar) Mucosa - ✔✔Loosely attached to underlying structures and covered
with non-keratinized epithelium.
-From mucogingival junction to mucous membrane of lips, cheeks, floor of the mouth,
soft palate.
C. Masticatory Mucosa - ✔✔Firmly attached to underlying bone and root and covered
with para keratinized or keratinized epithelium.
-withstands frictional forces- toothbrushing/ chewing.
-includes gingiva and hard palate.
Parakeratinzed - ✔✔an epithelium in which the superficial cells have not lost their
nuclei, but have become filled with keratin.
Keratinized - ✔✔Keratin is a protein and the major component in skin, hair and nails.
Periodontium - ✔✔the functional system of tissues that surround teeth and attaches
them to sockets.
What are four components (tissues) to the periodontium? - ✔✔Gingiva, cementum,
alveolar bone, and periodontal ligament (PDL)
Gingiva - ✔✔surrounds cervical portion & covers alveolar process.
, -composed of a thin outer layer of epithelium and underlying of connective tissue.
four anatomical areas of the gingiva - ✔✔Free Gingiva,
Gingival sulcus,
Interdental Gingiva, Attached gingiva.
Function of gingiva - ✔✔Protects underlying tooth-supporting structures from oral
environment. Temp. changes, mechanical forces, bacteria.
-provides a tissue seal around cervical portion.
-Covers alveolar process of jaws.
Demarcations of the gingiva - ✔✔Free gingival margin, free gingival groove,
mucogingival junction
Free Gingival Margin - ✔✔Coronal most limit of gingiva
Free Gingival groove(line) - ✔✔shallow linear depression that separates free & attached
gingiva.
(May of may not be visible clinically)
Mucogingival junction (MGJ) - ✔✔Clinically visible boundary where pink attached
gingival meets red, shiny alveolar mucosa.
Boundaries of gingiva - ✔✔Coronal- FGM
Apical- MGJ
Acellular cementum - ✔✔Primarily responsible for attaching tooth to bone.
-no living cells
-first to be formed, no new acellular during life.
-Covers cervical 1/3 or half root.
-sharpey's fibers make p most of the structure.
Cellular Cementum - ✔✔Contains cementoblasts and fibroblasts.
-formed after tooth erupts, increases with age.
- less calcified.
-deposited in intervals on apical half of root.
Cementum characteristics - ✔✔Functions: give attachment to collagen fibers of the
PDL, protects the dentin, seals and covers open dentinal tubules, formation at apical
area can compensate for attrition/incisal wear.
