Sub: Introduction to Civil Engineering
Module-1 Notes
Civil Engineering Disciplines and Building Science
Introduction to Civil Engineering: Fields of Civil Engineering
1. Surveying: Scope of surveying are
For preparing the contour map to determine the best possible route and amount of
earthwork required
For preparing the engineering map showing engineering details like highways,
railways, canals, dams, reservoirs, etc.
Maps prepared for marking boundaries of countries, states, districts etc., avoid
disputes
For preparing the contour map to determine the best possible route and amount of
earthwork required
For preparing the engineering map showing engineering details like highways,
railways, canals, dams, reservoirs, etc.
Maps prepared for marking boundaries of countries, states, districts etc., avoid
disputes
2. Geotechnical Engineering: Scope of Geotechnical Engineering are
To assess the quality and strength of soil to construct civil engineering structure
To design retaining walls for soil retainment.
To decide type of foundations for different type of structures.
For design of underground structures such as Tunnels, Shafts, Conduits.
Design of earthen dams for storage of water.
For design of Roads for transportation facilities.
,3. Structural Engineering: Scope of structural Engineering are
Analysis and design of Dams, Bridges, Stadiums, Auditoriums, Multi - storied
buildings.
Analysis and design of power generation stations
Analysis and design of steel industrial structures
Repair, rehabilitation and maintenance of structures
Design of nuclear Power plants.
Design of structural reinforcement for different type of structural components
4. a)Hydraulics Engineering: Scope of Hydraulic Engineering are
To measure the discharge of water in rivers for design of bridges
Design of hydro power plants for generation of electricity.
Design of Pumps and turbines
Design of water supply schemes for the city which includes design of pipes and pumps.
Design of canals to carry water to irrigation land from dams.
Design of Weirs for Dams.
b) Water Resource Engineering: Scope of water resource engineering are
• To arrive the total discharge of water from catchment areas
• To design the reservoir capacity to store the water
• For water quality management and pollution control.
• Supply of water for garden and recreational centers.
• Design of water supply systems for the cities and industries.
• To measure the total rainfall
5. Transportation Engineering: Scope of Transportation engineering are
• It involves planning, design, construction, operation and maintenance of transportation
facility.
, • Planning and design of runways, roads, harbors and railways
• Maintenance and up gradation of harbors, airports, railway system based on
requirements.
• It contributes economic, industrial, social and cultural development of any country.
• Design of traffic signals for control of traffic.
6. Environmental Engineering: Scope of Environmental Engineering are
• Involves collection of water, Purification and supply for drinking.
• Waste water collection, treatment and disposal
• Air pollution control and treatments.
• Solid waste management and control
• E-Waste management control and Treatment
• Construction waste management and control
7. Construction planning and Project Management: Scope of Construction
planning and Project Management are
• It involves the choice of technology, the estimation of the required resources and
durations for individual tasks etc,.
• A good construction plan is the basis for developing the budget and the schedule for
work
• In is the master plan that ensures a construction project runs smoothly
and meets all its deadlines, budget constraints, and quality standards.
• It involves the material storage, labours and equipment's required for the
completion of the Project.
• Critical Path Method (CPM) is used to execute the work in a planned
manner such that the project is completed within specified time and
allotted budget.
Module-1 Notes
Civil Engineering Disciplines and Building Science
Introduction to Civil Engineering: Fields of Civil Engineering
1. Surveying: Scope of surveying are
For preparing the contour map to determine the best possible route and amount of
earthwork required
For preparing the engineering map showing engineering details like highways,
railways, canals, dams, reservoirs, etc.
Maps prepared for marking boundaries of countries, states, districts etc., avoid
disputes
For preparing the contour map to determine the best possible route and amount of
earthwork required
For preparing the engineering map showing engineering details like highways,
railways, canals, dams, reservoirs, etc.
Maps prepared for marking boundaries of countries, states, districts etc., avoid
disputes
2. Geotechnical Engineering: Scope of Geotechnical Engineering are
To assess the quality and strength of soil to construct civil engineering structure
To design retaining walls for soil retainment.
To decide type of foundations for different type of structures.
For design of underground structures such as Tunnels, Shafts, Conduits.
Design of earthen dams for storage of water.
For design of Roads for transportation facilities.
,3. Structural Engineering: Scope of structural Engineering are
Analysis and design of Dams, Bridges, Stadiums, Auditoriums, Multi - storied
buildings.
Analysis and design of power generation stations
Analysis and design of steel industrial structures
Repair, rehabilitation and maintenance of structures
Design of nuclear Power plants.
Design of structural reinforcement for different type of structural components
4. a)Hydraulics Engineering: Scope of Hydraulic Engineering are
To measure the discharge of water in rivers for design of bridges
Design of hydro power plants for generation of electricity.
Design of Pumps and turbines
Design of water supply schemes for the city which includes design of pipes and pumps.
Design of canals to carry water to irrigation land from dams.
Design of Weirs for Dams.
b) Water Resource Engineering: Scope of water resource engineering are
• To arrive the total discharge of water from catchment areas
• To design the reservoir capacity to store the water
• For water quality management and pollution control.
• Supply of water for garden and recreational centers.
• Design of water supply systems for the cities and industries.
• To measure the total rainfall
5. Transportation Engineering: Scope of Transportation engineering are
• It involves planning, design, construction, operation and maintenance of transportation
facility.
, • Planning and design of runways, roads, harbors and railways
• Maintenance and up gradation of harbors, airports, railway system based on
requirements.
• It contributes economic, industrial, social and cultural development of any country.
• Design of traffic signals for control of traffic.
6. Environmental Engineering: Scope of Environmental Engineering are
• Involves collection of water, Purification and supply for drinking.
• Waste water collection, treatment and disposal
• Air pollution control and treatments.
• Solid waste management and control
• E-Waste management control and Treatment
• Construction waste management and control
7. Construction planning and Project Management: Scope of Construction
planning and Project Management are
• It involves the choice of technology, the estimation of the required resources and
durations for individual tasks etc,.
• A good construction plan is the basis for developing the budget and the schedule for
work
• In is the master plan that ensures a construction project runs smoothly
and meets all its deadlines, budget constraints, and quality standards.
• It involves the material storage, labours and equipment's required for the
completion of the Project.
• Critical Path Method (CPM) is used to execute the work in a planned
manner such that the project is completed within specified time and
allotted budget.
