,Chapter h 1. h THE h FOUNDATIONAL h CONCEPTS h OF h CLINICAL
hPRACTICE
1. The h characteristic, h localized h cardinal h signs h of h acute h inflammation h include:
A) fever.
B) fatigue.
C) redness.
D) granuloma.
2. The h vascular, h hemodynamic h stage h of h acute hinflammation h is h initiated
h by hmomentary h vasoconstriction h followed h by h vasodilation h that h causes
h localized:
A) bleeding.
B) congestion.
C) pale h skin.
D) coolness.
3. The hcellular h stage h of h acute h inflammation h is h marked hby h the
h movement h of hleukocytes h into h the h area. h Which h of h the h following
h cells h arrives h early h in h greathnumbers?
A) Basophils
B) Lymphocytes
C) Neutrophils
D) Platelets
,4. The h phagocytosis h process h involves h three h distinct h steps. h What h is
h the h initialhstep hin hthe hprocess?
A) Engulfment
B) Intracellular h killing
C) Antigen h margination
D) Recognition h and h adherence
5. Which h of h the h following h mediators h of h inflammation h causes h increased
h capillaryhpermeability hand hpain?
A) Serotonin
B) Histamine
C) Bradykinin
D) Nitric h oxide
6. Inflammatory h exudates h are h a h combination h of h several h types. h Which
h of h thehfollowing h exudates h is h composed h of henmeshed h necrotic
h cells?
A) Serous
B) Fibrinous
C) Suppurative
D) Membranous
7. The h acute-phase h systemic h response h usually h begins h within h hours h of
h the h onsethof hinflammation hand hincludes:
A) fever h and h lethargy.
B) decreased h C-reactive h protein.
C) positive h nitrogen h balance.
D) low h erythrocyte h sedimentation h rate.
8. In h contrast h to h acute h inflammation, h chronic h inflammation h is
h characterized h byhwhich hof hthe hfollowing hphenomena?
, A) Profuse h fibrinous h exudation
B) A h shift h to h the hleft h of hgranulocytes
C) Metabolic h and h respiratory h alkalosis
D) Lymphocytosis h and h activated h macrophages
9. Exogenous h pyrogens h (interleukin-1) h and h the h presence h of h bacteria h in
h the h bloodhlead hto hthe hrelease hof hendogenous hpyrogens hthat:
A) stabilize h thermal h control h in h the h brain.
B) produce h leukocytosis h and h anorexia.
C) block h viral h replication h in h cells.
D) inhibit h prostaglandin h release.
10 An h older h adult h patient h has h just h sheared h the h skin h on h her h elbow h while
h attempted
. to h boost h herself h up h in h bed, h an h event h that h has h precipitated h acute
h inflammationhin h the h region h surrounding h the h wound. h Which h of h the
h following h events h will hoccur h during hthe h vascular h stage h of hthe h patients
h inflammation?
A) Outpouring h of h exudate h into h interstitial h spaces
B) Chemotaxis
C) Accumulation h of h leukocytes h along h the h epithelium
D) Phagocytosis h of h cellular h debris
11 Which h of h the h following h individuals h most h likely h has h the h highest h risk h of
. experiencing h chronic h inflammation?
A) A h patient h who h has h recently h been h diagnosed h with h type h 2 h diabetes
B) A h patient h who h is h a h carrier h of h an h antibiotic-resistant h organism
C) A h patient h who h is h taking h oral h antibiotics h for h an h upper h respiratory
h infection
D) A h patient h who h is h morbidly h obese h and h who h has h a h sedentary h lifestyle
12 Which h of h the h following h core h body h temperatures h is h within h normal h range?
.
A) 35.9C h (96.6F)
hPRACTICE
1. The h characteristic, h localized h cardinal h signs h of h acute h inflammation h include:
A) fever.
B) fatigue.
C) redness.
D) granuloma.
2. The h vascular, h hemodynamic h stage h of h acute hinflammation h is h initiated
h by hmomentary h vasoconstriction h followed h by h vasodilation h that h causes
h localized:
A) bleeding.
B) congestion.
C) pale h skin.
D) coolness.
3. The hcellular h stage h of h acute h inflammation h is h marked hby h the
h movement h of hleukocytes h into h the h area. h Which h of h the h following
h cells h arrives h early h in h greathnumbers?
A) Basophils
B) Lymphocytes
C) Neutrophils
D) Platelets
,4. The h phagocytosis h process h involves h three h distinct h steps. h What h is
h the h initialhstep hin hthe hprocess?
A) Engulfment
B) Intracellular h killing
C) Antigen h margination
D) Recognition h and h adherence
5. Which h of h the h following h mediators h of h inflammation h causes h increased
h capillaryhpermeability hand hpain?
A) Serotonin
B) Histamine
C) Bradykinin
D) Nitric h oxide
6. Inflammatory h exudates h are h a h combination h of h several h types. h Which
h of h thehfollowing h exudates h is h composed h of henmeshed h necrotic
h cells?
A) Serous
B) Fibrinous
C) Suppurative
D) Membranous
7. The h acute-phase h systemic h response h usually h begins h within h hours h of
h the h onsethof hinflammation hand hincludes:
A) fever h and h lethargy.
B) decreased h C-reactive h protein.
C) positive h nitrogen h balance.
D) low h erythrocyte h sedimentation h rate.
8. In h contrast h to h acute h inflammation, h chronic h inflammation h is
h characterized h byhwhich hof hthe hfollowing hphenomena?
, A) Profuse h fibrinous h exudation
B) A h shift h to h the hleft h of hgranulocytes
C) Metabolic h and h respiratory h alkalosis
D) Lymphocytosis h and h activated h macrophages
9. Exogenous h pyrogens h (interleukin-1) h and h the h presence h of h bacteria h in
h the h bloodhlead hto hthe hrelease hof hendogenous hpyrogens hthat:
A) stabilize h thermal h control h in h the h brain.
B) produce h leukocytosis h and h anorexia.
C) block h viral h replication h in h cells.
D) inhibit h prostaglandin h release.
10 An h older h adult h patient h has h just h sheared h the h skin h on h her h elbow h while
h attempted
. to h boost h herself h up h in h bed, h an h event h that h has h precipitated h acute
h inflammationhin h the h region h surrounding h the h wound. h Which h of h the
h following h events h will hoccur h during hthe h vascular h stage h of hthe h patients
h inflammation?
A) Outpouring h of h exudate h into h interstitial h spaces
B) Chemotaxis
C) Accumulation h of h leukocytes h along h the h epithelium
D) Phagocytosis h of h cellular h debris
11 Which h of h the h following h individuals h most h likely h has h the h highest h risk h of
. experiencing h chronic h inflammation?
A) A h patient h who h has h recently h been h diagnosed h with h type h 2 h diabetes
B) A h patient h who h is h a h carrier h of h an h antibiotic-resistant h organism
C) A h patient h who h is h taking h oral h antibiotics h for h an h upper h respiratory
h infection
D) A h patient h who h is h morbidly h obese h and h who h has h a h sedentary h lifestyle
12 Which h of h the h following h core h body h temperatures h is h within h normal h range?
.
A) 35.9C h (96.6F)
