A good measurement tools should be an
accurate indicator of what we are interested I
measuring. In addition it should easy and
efficient to use. There are three major criteria
of evaluating a measuring tool.
• Validity
• Reliability.
• Practicability.
, Validity.
• In research we try that every information we collect to be accurate. This implies
that what we use to obtain that information must also be accurate. For instance, if
you want information on the “effect of malaria on health “it would be accurate if
we obtain such information from a health inspector rather than from a butcher.
• This concept of accuracy is what is called validity.
• Validity refers to the extent to which a test or instrument measure what we
actually wish to measure. A researcher cannot for instance get the right
information about the students who are dull or intelligent by measuring the size of
their heads.
• In this case the study would not be valid. If the study used some kind of
intelligence tests to indentify intelligent or dull students, then our study would be
valid: i.e true, accurate, correct and meaningful.
• Validity in research may imply accuracy of research tool (instrument), validity of
research procedure (technique), and validity of the research findings (report).