©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
Cognitive Final Exam – Inquizitive
Questions and Answers 100% Solved
Statements that are true about influences on parsing - ✔✔People usually
seek the simplest phrase structures
Background knowledge guides how people parse sentences
Function words signal syntactic roles in sentences
The capacity to create an endless series of new combinations from a small
set of fundamental units in a language is referred to as _____________. -
✔✔Generatively (New words that arise within a language (selfie,
mansplain) are possible because of the generatively of language
Select the sentences that violate English syntax. - ✔✔He placed on the
counter. (A verb like placed requires an object in English)
,©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
He slept the apple on the counter. (A verb like slept does not take an object
in English) --
The syntax of a language is the set of rules that govern the sentences and
combinations of words in the formation of phrases and sentences.
Sentences - ✔✔Coherent sequences of words that express an intended
meaning
Phonemes - ✔✔Smallest units of sound that distinguish words in a
language
Morphemes - ✔✔Smallest language units that carry meaning
Molly (an English speaker) and Aiko (a Japanese speaker) are setting up
Molly's house for a birthday party. Their friend Brent walks in with balloons.
When he sets them down, a couple of them hit against the nearby ceiling
fan and pop.
How are Molly and Aiko each likely to describe this balloon-popping event?
Who is most likely to remember that Brent was involved? - ✔✔Molly - Most
likely to remember that Brent was involved (Japanese speakers are less
,©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
likely than English speakers to remember the person who triggered the
accident)
Brent popped the balloons! (English speakers tend to use active-voice
sentences that name the agent of the action (accidental or not).
Aiko - The balloons popped! (When describing an accident, Japanese
speakers tend not to name the agent of the action)
The language you hear often guides what you pay attention to, and what
you pay attention to shapes your thinking
______ refers to the pattern of pauses and pitch changes that characterize
speech production - ✔✔Prosody (Prosody can be used to emphasize
elements of a spoken sentence, to highlight the sentence's intended
structure, and to signal the difference between a question and assertion)
"Colorless green ideas sleep furiously."—Noam Chomsky
What does this quote by Noam Chomsky tell us about the rules of syntax in
language? - ✔✔Syntax is not sufficient to convey semantics (Although this
sentence follows the rules of English syntax, it is meaningless)
, ©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
You're speaking with Kwame, an international student who is visiting the
United States for the year. What do you probably need to change about
your speech to make communication easier? - ✔✔Syntax
Vocabulary
Prosody
Language training is more successful with animals that are very similar to
humans genetically. - ✔✔True
Animal language is not naturally occurring, but it can be taught - ✔✔False
Some animal species have sophisticated language systems - ✔✔False
Some animal species have sophisticated communication systems -
✔✔True
People parse sentences _____ they hear the sentence being spoken -
✔✔While
Which of these conversations depends on having established common
ground to fill in gaps in the dialogue? - ✔✔Tammy: "I'm leaving you"
Eric: "Who is he?"
Cognitive Final Exam – Inquizitive
Questions and Answers 100% Solved
Statements that are true about influences on parsing - ✔✔People usually
seek the simplest phrase structures
Background knowledge guides how people parse sentences
Function words signal syntactic roles in sentences
The capacity to create an endless series of new combinations from a small
set of fundamental units in a language is referred to as _____________. -
✔✔Generatively (New words that arise within a language (selfie,
mansplain) are possible because of the generatively of language
Select the sentences that violate English syntax. - ✔✔He placed on the
counter. (A verb like placed requires an object in English)
,©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
He slept the apple on the counter. (A verb like slept does not take an object
in English) --
The syntax of a language is the set of rules that govern the sentences and
combinations of words in the formation of phrases and sentences.
Sentences - ✔✔Coherent sequences of words that express an intended
meaning
Phonemes - ✔✔Smallest units of sound that distinguish words in a
language
Morphemes - ✔✔Smallest language units that carry meaning
Molly (an English speaker) and Aiko (a Japanese speaker) are setting up
Molly's house for a birthday party. Their friend Brent walks in with balloons.
When he sets them down, a couple of them hit against the nearby ceiling
fan and pop.
How are Molly and Aiko each likely to describe this balloon-popping event?
Who is most likely to remember that Brent was involved? - ✔✔Molly - Most
likely to remember that Brent was involved (Japanese speakers are less
,©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
likely than English speakers to remember the person who triggered the
accident)
Brent popped the balloons! (English speakers tend to use active-voice
sentences that name the agent of the action (accidental or not).
Aiko - The balloons popped! (When describing an accident, Japanese
speakers tend not to name the agent of the action)
The language you hear often guides what you pay attention to, and what
you pay attention to shapes your thinking
______ refers to the pattern of pauses and pitch changes that characterize
speech production - ✔✔Prosody (Prosody can be used to emphasize
elements of a spoken sentence, to highlight the sentence's intended
structure, and to signal the difference between a question and assertion)
"Colorless green ideas sleep furiously."—Noam Chomsky
What does this quote by Noam Chomsky tell us about the rules of syntax in
language? - ✔✔Syntax is not sufficient to convey semantics (Although this
sentence follows the rules of English syntax, it is meaningless)
, ©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
You're speaking with Kwame, an international student who is visiting the
United States for the year. What do you probably need to change about
your speech to make communication easier? - ✔✔Syntax
Vocabulary
Prosody
Language training is more successful with animals that are very similar to
humans genetically. - ✔✔True
Animal language is not naturally occurring, but it can be taught - ✔✔False
Some animal species have sophisticated language systems - ✔✔False
Some animal species have sophisticated communication systems -
✔✔True
People parse sentences _____ they hear the sentence being spoken -
✔✔While
Which of these conversations depends on having established common
ground to fill in gaps in the dialogue? - ✔✔Tammy: "I'm leaving you"
Eric: "Who is he?"
