HYPOGLOSSAL NERVE

HYPOGLOSSAL NERVE
Hypoglossal nerve is the cranial nerve 12
It is mainly a efferent nerve{MOTOR } for the tongue musculature
It originates from the medulla and travel caudally and dorsally to t
tongue
It has several branches which are ; meningeal , descending ,
thyrothyroid and muscular
Muscular branch is considered part of the real hypoglossal nerve
originating from the hypoglossal nucleus

, FUNCTIONS OF THE HYPOGLOSSAL NERVE
Descending branch carries information from c1 and then c2 or c3 t
innervate neck muscles; Omohyoid , Sternohyoid and Sternothy
Thyrothyroid branches innervates the thyrothyroid muscles of the
neck
Muscular or lingual branch innervates all muscles of the tongue[bo
intrinsic and extrinsic tongue muscles] except the palatoglossus wh
receives motor innervations from the vagus nerve
Muscular branch also controls most actions of the tongue includin
protruding,retracting ,depressing the tongue and changing the
tongue shape