©SIRJOEL EXAM SOLUTIONS
10/14/2024 11:14 PM
STM Final Exam Questions And Correct
Answers
Myofascial manipulation: autonomic or reflexive approach - answer✔-attempt to exert effect
through skin & superficial connective tissues
-ex: soft tissue mobs: stimulates sensory receptors in the skin & superficial fascia
-ex: TENS - direct stimulation of large myelinated large fibers overrides noxious stimuli
traveling to higher centers of the CNS
-ex: connective tissue massage (bindegewebsmassage) & Hoffa massage
myofascial manipulation: mechanical approach - answer✔-seek to make mechanical, or
histological, changes in the myofascial structures
-ex: superficial tissue rolling to mobilize adhesions, elongation of a superficial fascial plane,
stretching hamstrings
-ex: Rolfing, Trager, Myofascial release
-should be performed following some form of autonomic technique
-begin with gentler techniques then progress to more aggressive
myofascial manipulation: movement approach - answer✔-pt actively participates
, ©SIRJOEL EXAM SOLUTIONS
10/14/2024 11:14 PM
-clinician guides pt through a series of mvmts to change aberrant patterns & retrain into more
efficient mvmts & postures
-ex; PNF, Alexander technique, Feldenkrais method
what is the cutivisceral reflex described by Elizabeth Dicke - answer✔-used to describe effects
of CTM
-CTM can release nerve impulses along quite specific paths by means of reflexes that are locked
into the CNS & create reactions in distant organs
-ex: application of mother's warm hand to alleviate child's stomachache
Hoffa massage techniques & potential benefits - answer✔-effleurage: when performed w/ mod
pressure, slowly & smoothly on the back, it may stimulate the PNS & evoke the relaxation
response
-petrissage: may help separate mm fibers & evoke muscular relaxation
-tapotement
-vibration
Ida Rolf's concept of "fascial sweater" - answer✔-fascial restriction in one area will strain areas
away from the restriction & cause abnormal mvmt patterns
-based on the idea that the fascial network is continuous throughout the body
, ©SIRJOEL EXAM SOLUTIONS
10/14/2024 11:14 PM
basic premises of Rolfing - answer✔-belief that myofascial component determine adequacy of
the jt & that by integrating the myofascial to normal or more toward normal, the pt would have
"normal" mvmt
-tissue of focus is fascia (constantly reorganizes & responds to stress)
-person's psychological components are manifested in structure & that changing the structure can
change the psychological component
Goal for human body that all Rolfer's are striving - answer✔-balance & harmony of mvmt
basic premise of Tragering - answer✔-mechanical soft tissue & neurophysiological reeducation
approach (uses NERVOUS SYSTEM to make changes)
-directed towards unconscious mind
-uses gentle passive motions that emphasize mobilization techniques (traction, rotation &
mentastics)
direct myofascial release - answer✔-intent: to improve mobility of soft tissues through
application of a slow, controlled mechanical stress directly into a restriction
-pressure gradually increased or repeated until mobility of tissue is felt to improve
-tissue may be manipulated while pt is either passively or actively moving (depends on pt
tolerance)
indirect myofascial release - answer✔-applied similarly to direct
, ©SIRJOEL EXAM SOLUTIONS
10/14/2024 11:14 PM
-amt of force is lower in intensity but much longer in duration (gives tissues an opportunity to
release)
-often used when pt's are tender or extremely guarded (pt feedback essential!)
movement approach: PNF (basic principles) - answer✔1) always keep treatment approach
positive, reinforcing what pt can do on both physical & psychological levels
2) help pts achieve their highest level of function
3) direct the entire human being in each treatment & not a specific problem or body segment
-use diagonal mvmts based on synergistic patterns
-ex: rhythmic initiation, rhythmic stabilization, contract relax, hold relax
movement approach: Alexander technique - answer✔-based on theory that in each human there
exists an integration mechanism that produces more optimal coordination & functioning
-cornerstone of this technique: position of head & neck (pt learns to activate primary locus of
control here)
-palpatory & verbal feedback given as new positions & mvmt patterns are learned
-best learned slowly & w/ positive reinforcement
-often used w/ TMJD
10/14/2024 11:14 PM
STM Final Exam Questions And Correct
Answers
Myofascial manipulation: autonomic or reflexive approach - answer✔-attempt to exert effect
through skin & superficial connective tissues
-ex: soft tissue mobs: stimulates sensory receptors in the skin & superficial fascia
-ex: TENS - direct stimulation of large myelinated large fibers overrides noxious stimuli
traveling to higher centers of the CNS
-ex: connective tissue massage (bindegewebsmassage) & Hoffa massage
myofascial manipulation: mechanical approach - answer✔-seek to make mechanical, or
histological, changes in the myofascial structures
-ex: superficial tissue rolling to mobilize adhesions, elongation of a superficial fascial plane,
stretching hamstrings
-ex: Rolfing, Trager, Myofascial release
-should be performed following some form of autonomic technique
-begin with gentler techniques then progress to more aggressive
myofascial manipulation: movement approach - answer✔-pt actively participates
, ©SIRJOEL EXAM SOLUTIONS
10/14/2024 11:14 PM
-clinician guides pt through a series of mvmts to change aberrant patterns & retrain into more
efficient mvmts & postures
-ex; PNF, Alexander technique, Feldenkrais method
what is the cutivisceral reflex described by Elizabeth Dicke - answer✔-used to describe effects
of CTM
-CTM can release nerve impulses along quite specific paths by means of reflexes that are locked
into the CNS & create reactions in distant organs
-ex: application of mother's warm hand to alleviate child's stomachache
Hoffa massage techniques & potential benefits - answer✔-effleurage: when performed w/ mod
pressure, slowly & smoothly on the back, it may stimulate the PNS & evoke the relaxation
response
-petrissage: may help separate mm fibers & evoke muscular relaxation
-tapotement
-vibration
Ida Rolf's concept of "fascial sweater" - answer✔-fascial restriction in one area will strain areas
away from the restriction & cause abnormal mvmt patterns
-based on the idea that the fascial network is continuous throughout the body
, ©SIRJOEL EXAM SOLUTIONS
10/14/2024 11:14 PM
basic premises of Rolfing - answer✔-belief that myofascial component determine adequacy of
the jt & that by integrating the myofascial to normal or more toward normal, the pt would have
"normal" mvmt
-tissue of focus is fascia (constantly reorganizes & responds to stress)
-person's psychological components are manifested in structure & that changing the structure can
change the psychological component
Goal for human body that all Rolfer's are striving - answer✔-balance & harmony of mvmt
basic premise of Tragering - answer✔-mechanical soft tissue & neurophysiological reeducation
approach (uses NERVOUS SYSTEM to make changes)
-directed towards unconscious mind
-uses gentle passive motions that emphasize mobilization techniques (traction, rotation &
mentastics)
direct myofascial release - answer✔-intent: to improve mobility of soft tissues through
application of a slow, controlled mechanical stress directly into a restriction
-pressure gradually increased or repeated until mobility of tissue is felt to improve
-tissue may be manipulated while pt is either passively or actively moving (depends on pt
tolerance)
indirect myofascial release - answer✔-applied similarly to direct
, ©SIRJOEL EXAM SOLUTIONS
10/14/2024 11:14 PM
-amt of force is lower in intensity but much longer in duration (gives tissues an opportunity to
release)
-often used when pt's are tender or extremely guarded (pt feedback essential!)
movement approach: PNF (basic principles) - answer✔1) always keep treatment approach
positive, reinforcing what pt can do on both physical & psychological levels
2) help pts achieve their highest level of function
3) direct the entire human being in each treatment & not a specific problem or body segment
-use diagonal mvmts based on synergistic patterns
-ex: rhythmic initiation, rhythmic stabilization, contract relax, hold relax
movement approach: Alexander technique - answer✔-based on theory that in each human there
exists an integration mechanism that produces more optimal coordination & functioning
-cornerstone of this technique: position of head & neck (pt learns to activate primary locus of
control here)
-palpatory & verbal feedback given as new positions & mvmt patterns are learned
-best learned slowly & w/ positive reinforcement
-often used w/ TMJD
