TOXICOLOGY STUDY GUIDE
PRINCIPLES OF TOXICOLOGY
1. Five identical experimental animals are treated with 1 mg of one of the following toxins.
The animal treated with which toxin is most likely to die?
a. Ethyl alcohol (LD50 = 10,000 mg/kg)
b. Botulinum toxin (LD50 = 0.00001 mg/kg)
c. Nicotine (LD50 = 1 mg/kg)
d. Ferrous sulfate (LD50 = 1500 mg/kg)
e. Picrotoxin (LD50 = 5 mg/kg)
2. Place the following mechanisms of toxin delivery in order from most effective to least
effective – 1: intravenous; 2: subcutaneous; 3: oral; 4: inhalation; 5: dermal.
a. 1, 5, 2, 4, 3
b. 4, 1, 2, 3, 5
c. 1, 4, 2, 3, 5
d. 4, 2, 1, 5, 3
e. 1, 4, 3, 2, 5
3. A toxin with a half-life of 12 h is administered every 12 hours. Which of the following is
true?
a. The chemical is eliminated from the body before the next dose is administered.
b. The concentration of the chemical in the body will slowly increase until the toxic
concentration is attained.
c. A toxic level will not be reached, regardless of how many doses are
administered.
d. Acute exposure to the chemical will produce immediate toxic effects.
e. The elimination rate of the toxin is much shorter than the dosing interval.
4. Urushiol is the toxin found in poison ivy. It must first react and combine with proteins in
the skin in order for the immune system to recognize and mount a response against it.
Urushiol is an example of which of the following?
a. Antigen
b. Auto-antibody
c. Superantigen
d. Hapten
e. Cytokine
5. Toxic chemicals are most likely to be biotransformed in which of the following organs?
a. Central nervous system
b. Heart
c. Lung
d. Pancreas
e. Liver
PRINCIPLES OF TOXICOLOGY
1. Five identical experimental animals are treated with 1 mg of one of the following toxins.
The animal treated with which toxin is most likely to die?
a. Ethyl alcohol (LD50 = 10,000 mg/kg)
b. Botulinum toxin (LD50 = 0.00001 mg/kg)
c. Nicotine (LD50 = 1 mg/kg)
d. Ferrous sulfate (LD50 = 1500 mg/kg)
e. Picrotoxin (LD50 = 5 mg/kg)
2. Place the following mechanisms of toxin delivery in order from most effective to least
effective – 1: intravenous; 2: subcutaneous; 3: oral; 4: inhalation; 5: dermal.
a. 1, 5, 2, 4, 3
b. 4, 1, 2, 3, 5
c. 1, 4, 2, 3, 5
d. 4, 2, 1, 5, 3
e. 1, 4, 3, 2, 5
3. A toxin with a half-life of 12 h is administered every 12 hours. Which of the following is
true?
a. The chemical is eliminated from the body before the next dose is administered.
b. The concentration of the chemical in the body will slowly increase until the toxic
concentration is attained.
c. A toxic level will not be reached, regardless of how many doses are
administered.
d. Acute exposure to the chemical will produce immediate toxic effects.
e. The elimination rate of the toxin is much shorter than the dosing interval.
4. Urushiol is the toxin found in poison ivy. It must first react and combine with proteins in
the skin in order for the immune system to recognize and mount a response against it.
Urushiol is an example of which of the following?
a. Antigen
b. Auto-antibody
c. Superantigen
d. Hapten
e. Cytokine
5. Toxic chemicals are most likely to be biotransformed in which of the following organs?
a. Central nervous system
b. Heart
c. Lung
d. Pancreas
e. Liver
