UNIT 5 STUDY GUIDE
memory
=
learning persisting overtime
recall =
storing info in mem & retrieving it ( FRO ) .
recognition =
identifying target ( multiple-choice )
memory process :
encoding
-
processing into into Mem
system
storage
-
retention of encoded material
into out of
retrieval
getting storage
-
connection ism -
modern model - mems come from interconnected neural networks -
specific mums from specific
activation patterns w/ n networks
3- stage memory model :( Atkinson & Shiffrin )
7. SENSORY MEM -
split -
see holding tank for ALL sensory into
iconic =
sight
echoic =
hearing
2. SHORT TERM MEM encoded info from
sensory mem
- -
↳ holds 7-+2 pieces of info for about 20 see
↳ recall digits better than letters
3. LONG -
TERM MEM - unlimited storehouse of into
remembering info short better devices rehearsal
in - term :
chunking ,
mnemonic
,
working mem -
newer understanding of STM -
active processing of ink
= unconscious
automatic
processing encoding
space -
encode location of into ( location of word on
page in textbook )
of events
time
unintentionally note sequence day 's
-
frequency
-
effortless tracking at how
many times things happen
well learned into see native
language on billboard automatically register meaning
- -
a -
effortful processing -
encoding requiring attention & conscious effort ( studying )
, explicit / declarative mem :
episodic mem -
autobiographical mums
'' ''
semantic textbook learning
mems or
general knowledge
-
implicit mems :
procedural mems -
auto mic things done w/o
thinking (
riding a bike ]
conditioned mems -
classical conditioning
effect tendency to & into
serial
positioning remember first last
- -
primacy = first
= last
recency
spacing effect -
learning & remembering into OVERTIME allows
you
to retain it for a
longer time
cramming =
massed practice
'
↳
Ebbinghaus forgetting curve demonstrates that the more time
spent learning into ,
the more we retain in
visual
encoding =
encoding of
picture images
=
encoding of sound ( sound of words )
acoustic
encoding
semantic encoding =
encoding of meaning
↳ more efficient than shallow processing through appearance or sound
flashbulb positive memories that tend remember ( can distor t /
memories -
tragic or people to
vividly
mood think about pleasant or unpleasant mems according to mood
congruent mums
-
.
state dependent mem when in a state of consciousness ( drunk / high ) & you form mem can
you
- -
a
,
remember info when in that same state of consciousness again
constructive / confabulated mem :
→ not
mems what they seem
→ Elizabeth Loftus found mums can be inaccurate
→ constructed =
CREATED mems -
fill in blanks or
change mum entirely
misinformation effect remember incorrectly
→ =
something
proactive interference = OLD into inter feres w/ learning vi. NEW info
retroactive inter ference = NEW info inter feres w/ recall of OLD info
proactive = OLD inter feres NEW
w/
~
PORN
v
retroactive =
NEW interferes w/ OLD
memory
=
learning persisting overtime
recall =
storing info in mem & retrieving it ( FRO ) .
recognition =
identifying target ( multiple-choice )
memory process :
encoding
-
processing into into Mem
system
storage
-
retention of encoded material
into out of
retrieval
getting storage
-
connection ism -
modern model - mems come from interconnected neural networks -
specific mums from specific
activation patterns w/ n networks
3- stage memory model :( Atkinson & Shiffrin )
7. SENSORY MEM -
split -
see holding tank for ALL sensory into
iconic =
sight
echoic =
hearing
2. SHORT TERM MEM encoded info from
sensory mem
- -
↳ holds 7-+2 pieces of info for about 20 see
↳ recall digits better than letters
3. LONG -
TERM MEM - unlimited storehouse of into
remembering info short better devices rehearsal
in - term :
chunking ,
mnemonic
,
working mem -
newer understanding of STM -
active processing of ink
= unconscious
automatic
processing encoding
space -
encode location of into ( location of word on
page in textbook )
of events
time
unintentionally note sequence day 's
-
frequency
-
effortless tracking at how
many times things happen
well learned into see native
language on billboard automatically register meaning
- -
a -
effortful processing -
encoding requiring attention & conscious effort ( studying )
, explicit / declarative mem :
episodic mem -
autobiographical mums
'' ''
semantic textbook learning
mems or
general knowledge
-
implicit mems :
procedural mems -
auto mic things done w/o
thinking (
riding a bike ]
conditioned mems -
classical conditioning
effect tendency to & into
serial
positioning remember first last
- -
primacy = first
= last
recency
spacing effect -
learning & remembering into OVERTIME allows
you
to retain it for a
longer time
cramming =
massed practice
'
↳
Ebbinghaus forgetting curve demonstrates that the more time
spent learning into ,
the more we retain in
visual
encoding =
encoding of
picture images
=
encoding of sound ( sound of words )
acoustic
encoding
semantic encoding =
encoding of meaning
↳ more efficient than shallow processing through appearance or sound
flashbulb positive memories that tend remember ( can distor t /
memories -
tragic or people to
vividly
mood think about pleasant or unpleasant mems according to mood
congruent mums
-
.
state dependent mem when in a state of consciousness ( drunk / high ) & you form mem can
you
- -
a
,
remember info when in that same state of consciousness again
constructive / confabulated mem :
→ not
mems what they seem
→ Elizabeth Loftus found mums can be inaccurate
→ constructed =
CREATED mems -
fill in blanks or
change mum entirely
misinformation effect remember incorrectly
→ =
something
proactive interference = OLD into inter feres w/ learning vi. NEW info
retroactive inter ference = NEW info inter feres w/ recall of OLD info
proactive = OLD inter feres NEW
w/
~
PORN
v
retroactive =
NEW interferes w/ OLD
