HOSA Bowl Nutrition and Diet Study
Guide Question Bank with Complete
Solutions
cerebrovascular accident - ✔✔blockage or bursting of blood vessel leading to brain
peripheral vascular disease - ✔✔narrowed arteries some distance from the heart
monosodium glutamate - ✔✔flavor enhancer containing large amounts of sodium
nephrons - ✔✔unit of kidney containing glomerulus
glomerulus - ✔✔filtering unit in kidneys
creatinine - ✔✔end product of protein metabolism
oliguria - ✔✔decreased output of urine to less than 500mL/day
uremia - ✔✔condition in which protein wastes are circulating the blood
dialysis - ✔✔mechanical filtration of blood; used when kidneys can't function
polycystic kidney disease - ✔✔rare, hereditary kidney disease causing cysts or growths on kidneys
ultimately causing kidney failure in middle age
nephrolithiasis - ✔✔development of stones in the kidney
cystine - ✔✔nonessential amino acid
end-stage renal deisease - ✔✔stage at which kidneys have lost ability to function
,hemodialysis - ✔✔cleansing blood of wastes by circulating blood through machine that contains tubing
of semipermeable membranes
peritoneal dialysis - ✔✔removal of waste products from blood by injecting flushing solution into
abdomen and using client's peritoneum as semipermeable membrane
dyspepsia - ✔✔gastrointestinal discomfort of vague origin
esophagitis - ✔✔inflammation of mucosal lining of the esophagus
hiatal hernia - ✔✔condition wherin part of stomach protrudes through diaphragm into chest cavity
peptic ulcer - ✔✔ulcer of stomach or duodenum
stoma - ✔✔surgically created opening in abdominal wall
ileostomy - ✔✔opening from ileum to abdomen surface
Kaposi's sarcoma - ✔✔type of cancer common to individuals with AIDS
endometrium - ✔✔mucous membrane of uterus
cachexia - ✔✔malnutrition and body wasting
xerostomia - ✔✔sore, dry mouth caused by salivary secretions
dysphagia - ✔✔difficulty in swallowing
thrush - ✔✔yeast infection of mucous membrane lining mouth and tongue
carbohydrates - ✔✔provide energy (c)
fats - ✔✔provide energy (f)
, proteins - ✔✔build and repair body tissues; provide energy
vitamins - ✔✔regulate body processes (v)
minerals - ✔✔regulate body processes (m)
water - ✔✔regulate body processes (w)
essential nutrients - ✔✔only found in food
atherosclerosis - ✔✔saturated fats lead to artery problems i.e. heart attacks
beriberi - ✔✔needs thiamin (Vitamin B1)
night blindness - ✔✔needs vitamin A
goiter (enlarged thyroid gland tissues) - ✔✔needs iodine
kwashiorkor - ✔✔needs protein (k)
Guide Question Bank with Complete
Solutions
cerebrovascular accident - ✔✔blockage or bursting of blood vessel leading to brain
peripheral vascular disease - ✔✔narrowed arteries some distance from the heart
monosodium glutamate - ✔✔flavor enhancer containing large amounts of sodium
nephrons - ✔✔unit of kidney containing glomerulus
glomerulus - ✔✔filtering unit in kidneys
creatinine - ✔✔end product of protein metabolism
oliguria - ✔✔decreased output of urine to less than 500mL/day
uremia - ✔✔condition in which protein wastes are circulating the blood
dialysis - ✔✔mechanical filtration of blood; used when kidneys can't function
polycystic kidney disease - ✔✔rare, hereditary kidney disease causing cysts or growths on kidneys
ultimately causing kidney failure in middle age
nephrolithiasis - ✔✔development of stones in the kidney
cystine - ✔✔nonessential amino acid
end-stage renal deisease - ✔✔stage at which kidneys have lost ability to function
,hemodialysis - ✔✔cleansing blood of wastes by circulating blood through machine that contains tubing
of semipermeable membranes
peritoneal dialysis - ✔✔removal of waste products from blood by injecting flushing solution into
abdomen and using client's peritoneum as semipermeable membrane
dyspepsia - ✔✔gastrointestinal discomfort of vague origin
esophagitis - ✔✔inflammation of mucosal lining of the esophagus
hiatal hernia - ✔✔condition wherin part of stomach protrudes through diaphragm into chest cavity
peptic ulcer - ✔✔ulcer of stomach or duodenum
stoma - ✔✔surgically created opening in abdominal wall
ileostomy - ✔✔opening from ileum to abdomen surface
Kaposi's sarcoma - ✔✔type of cancer common to individuals with AIDS
endometrium - ✔✔mucous membrane of uterus
cachexia - ✔✔malnutrition and body wasting
xerostomia - ✔✔sore, dry mouth caused by salivary secretions
dysphagia - ✔✔difficulty in swallowing
thrush - ✔✔yeast infection of mucous membrane lining mouth and tongue
carbohydrates - ✔✔provide energy (c)
fats - ✔✔provide energy (f)
, proteins - ✔✔build and repair body tissues; provide energy
vitamins - ✔✔regulate body processes (v)
minerals - ✔✔regulate body processes (m)
water - ✔✔regulate body processes (w)
essential nutrients - ✔✔only found in food
atherosclerosis - ✔✔saturated fats lead to artery problems i.e. heart attacks
beriberi - ✔✔needs thiamin (Vitamin B1)
night blindness - ✔✔needs vitamin A
goiter (enlarged thyroid gland tissues) - ✔✔needs iodine
kwashiorkor - ✔✔needs protein (k)
