,Chapter h1. hMicrobial hLife hOrigin h& hDiscovery
1. Viruses h are
a. infectious h agents h that h infect h exclusively h multicellular h organisms.
b. noncellular hparticles hthat htake hover hthe hmetabolism hof ha hcell hto
hgenerate hmore hvirus hparticles.
c. pathogens h that h replicate h in h complex h growth h media.
d. cellular h particles h that h belong h to h the h archaea h domain.
e. microbes h that h consist h of h lipid h membrane–enclosed h genomes.
2. What his hthe hMOST hrecent hevidence hsuggesting hthat hall hlife hon hEarth
hshares ha hcommon hancestry?
3. A is hthe htotal hgenetic hinformation hcontained hin han
horganism’s hchromosomal hDNA.
a. nucleotide
b. genome
c. nuclear h envelope
d. non-cellular h particle
e. base h pair
4. How h are h prokaryotes h and h eukaryotes h different?
5. How hdo h microbes h help h in h the h extraction h of h minerals?
6. Which hof hthese hgroups hare hconsidered hto hbe hmicrobes, hbut hNOT
hconsidered hto hbe hcells?
a. viruses
, d. h filamentous h fungi
e. h archaea
7. All h of h the h following h are h eukaryotic h microbes h EXCEPT
a. fungi.
b. algae.
c. protozoa.
d. Stentor.
e. viruses.
8. Antonie hvan hLeeuwenhoek hworked has ha hcloth hdraper, hinspecting hthe
hquality hof hcloth. hHow hdid hthis hlead hto hhis hinterest hin hmicroscopy?
9. What hwas hthe hmajor hcomplaint habout hLazzaro hSpallanzani’s hexperiment h to
hdisprove hspontaneous hgeneration, hand hhow hdid hLouis hPasteur’s hswan-neck
hflasks hovercome hthis?
10. Which h one h of h the h following h statements h regarding hmicrobial h cells h is h FALSE?
a. Microbial hcells hacquire hfood, hgain henergy hto hbuild hthemselves, hand
hrespond hto henvironmental hchange.
b. Most hsingle-celled horganisms hrequire ha hmicroscope hto hrender hthem
hvisible, hbut hsome hbacterial hcells hare hlarge henough hto hbe hseen hwith
hthe hnaked heye.
c. Microbes h evolve h at h slow h rates.
d. Many h microbes h form h complex h multicellular h assemblages.
e. Viruses h are h not h considered h microbial h cells.
11. Which h of h the h following h statements h is h FALSE?
a. A hgenome his hthe htotal hgenetic hinformation hcontained hin han
horganism’s hchromosomal hDNA.
b. If ha hmicrobe’s hgenome hincludes hgenes hfor hnitrogenase, hthat
hmicrobe hprobably hcan hfix hnitrogen.
c. By h comparing h DNA h sequences h of h different h organisms, h we h can h figure h out
1. Viruses h are
a. infectious h agents h that h infect h exclusively h multicellular h organisms.
b. noncellular hparticles hthat htake hover hthe hmetabolism hof ha hcell hto
hgenerate hmore hvirus hparticles.
c. pathogens h that h replicate h in h complex h growth h media.
d. cellular h particles h that h belong h to h the h archaea h domain.
e. microbes h that h consist h of h lipid h membrane–enclosed h genomes.
2. What his hthe hMOST hrecent hevidence hsuggesting hthat hall hlife hon hEarth
hshares ha hcommon hancestry?
3. A is hthe htotal hgenetic hinformation hcontained hin han
horganism’s hchromosomal hDNA.
a. nucleotide
b. genome
c. nuclear h envelope
d. non-cellular h particle
e. base h pair
4. How h are h prokaryotes h and h eukaryotes h different?
5. How hdo h microbes h help h in h the h extraction h of h minerals?
6. Which hof hthese hgroups hare hconsidered hto hbe hmicrobes, hbut hNOT
hconsidered hto hbe hcells?
a. viruses
, d. h filamentous h fungi
e. h archaea
7. All h of h the h following h are h eukaryotic h microbes h EXCEPT
a. fungi.
b. algae.
c. protozoa.
d. Stentor.
e. viruses.
8. Antonie hvan hLeeuwenhoek hworked has ha hcloth hdraper, hinspecting hthe
hquality hof hcloth. hHow hdid hthis hlead hto hhis hinterest hin hmicroscopy?
9. What hwas hthe hmajor hcomplaint habout hLazzaro hSpallanzani’s hexperiment h to
hdisprove hspontaneous hgeneration, hand hhow hdid hLouis hPasteur’s hswan-neck
hflasks hovercome hthis?
10. Which h one h of h the h following h statements h regarding hmicrobial h cells h is h FALSE?
a. Microbial hcells hacquire hfood, hgain henergy hto hbuild hthemselves, hand
hrespond hto henvironmental hchange.
b. Most hsingle-celled horganisms hrequire ha hmicroscope hto hrender hthem
hvisible, hbut hsome hbacterial hcells hare hlarge henough hto hbe hseen hwith
hthe hnaked heye.
c. Microbes h evolve h at h slow h rates.
d. Many h microbes h form h complex h multicellular h assemblages.
e. Viruses h are h not h considered h microbial h cells.
11. Which h of h the h following h statements h is h FALSE?
a. A hgenome his hthe htotal hgenetic hinformation hcontained hin han
horganism’s hchromosomal hDNA.
b. If ha hmicrobe’s hgenome hincludes hgenes hfor hnitrogenase, hthat
hmicrobe hprobably hcan hfix hnitrogen.
c. By h comparing h DNA h sequences h of h different h organisms, h we h can h figure h out
