Maryville NURS 611 Exam 3 Review questions with
correct answers
What 2 unique properties do RBC's have? Correct Answer-1. Biconcave
shape
2. Capacity to be reversibly deformed
What does the flattened, biconcave shape of an RBC provide? Correct
Answer-A surface area/ volume ratio thats optimal for gas diffusion into
and out fo the cell
How does the RBCs reversible deformity allow for the erythrocyte?
Correct Answer-To assume a more compact torpedo-like shape, squeeze
through microcirculation, and return to normal
What is hemoglobin synthesis very dependent on? Correct Answer-
Nutritional intake
Name two of the most important nutrients for hemoglobin synthesis?
Correct Answer--Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine)
-Iron
What are the values of iron for male and females? Correct Answer-Male:
16
Female: 14
,What makes the iron cycle possible? Correct Answer-Transferin
What is transferrin? Correct Answer-Plasma Carrier
Explain the process of the iron cycle: Correct Answer-1. Tissue
macrophages (mostly in spleen) break down ingested erythrocytes
2. Break down ingested erythrocytes
3. Return iron to the bloodstream directly or after storing it
What are leukocytes and what two things do they do? Correct Answer--
WBCs
1.Defends the body against microorganisms that cause infection
2. Remove debris (dead/injured cells)
What do leukocytes primarily act in? Where are they transported?
Correct Answer-The tissues but are transported in the circulation
How many leukocytes does the average adult have? Correct Answer-5-
10k leukocytes/mm3 of blood
What is the most numerous and best understood of the granulocytes?
Correct Answer-Neutrophils (PMN)
What are immature neutrophils called? Correct Answer-bands or stabs
,What are mature neutrophils called? Correct Answer-segmented
neutrophils b/c of the appearance of their nucleus
What happens when the demand for circulating mature neutrophils
exceeds the supply? Correct Answer-Marrow begins to release immature
neutrophils in the blood
What are responsible for "shift-to-the-left" or leukemoid reaction? (2)
Correct Answer-1. Premature release of immature white cells
2. Systemic signs of infection such as fever
What is anemia? Correct Answer-1. A reduction in the total number of
erythrocytes in the circulating blood
2. A decrease in the quality or quantity of hemoglobin
What 4 things usually cause anemia? Correct Answer-1. Impaired
erythrocyte production
2. Blood loss (acute or chronic)
3. Increased erythrocyte destruction
4. Combo of all these
What 2 things happen in megaloblastic anemia? Correct Answer-1. Cells
are challenged to make DNA
2. RNA production proceeds normally
, What are characteristics of megaloblastic anemia(3)? Correct Answer-1.
Cells have slow-maturing nuclei
2. Normal maturing cytoplasm
3. Megaloblastic erythroid precursors that grow large before the larger
nuclei becomes mature enough to signal division
What does megaloblastic anemia cause? Correct Answer-The cell to be
larger than normal
What is an example of megaloblastic anemia? Correct Answer-
Pernicious anemia (Vit B12 deficiency anemia)
What is the principal disorder of Pernicious anemia? Correct Answer-
Absence of Intrinsic factor
Where is IF secreted and how is vit B12 involved? Correct Answer-1.
Gastric parietal cells
2. Complexes with dietary vitamin B12 in the small intestine
What can pernicious anemia lead to? Correct Answer-Wide spectrum of
hematologic and neuropsychiatric disorders that can be reversed by early
diagnosis and prompt treatment
What 2 characteristics are more likely to cause PA than the actual
prevalence of vit B12 deficiency? Correct Answer-1. Use of gastric acid-
blocking agents
correct answers
What 2 unique properties do RBC's have? Correct Answer-1. Biconcave
shape
2. Capacity to be reversibly deformed
What does the flattened, biconcave shape of an RBC provide? Correct
Answer-A surface area/ volume ratio thats optimal for gas diffusion into
and out fo the cell
How does the RBCs reversible deformity allow for the erythrocyte?
Correct Answer-To assume a more compact torpedo-like shape, squeeze
through microcirculation, and return to normal
What is hemoglobin synthesis very dependent on? Correct Answer-
Nutritional intake
Name two of the most important nutrients for hemoglobin synthesis?
Correct Answer--Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine)
-Iron
What are the values of iron for male and females? Correct Answer-Male:
16
Female: 14
,What makes the iron cycle possible? Correct Answer-Transferin
What is transferrin? Correct Answer-Plasma Carrier
Explain the process of the iron cycle: Correct Answer-1. Tissue
macrophages (mostly in spleen) break down ingested erythrocytes
2. Break down ingested erythrocytes
3. Return iron to the bloodstream directly or after storing it
What are leukocytes and what two things do they do? Correct Answer--
WBCs
1.Defends the body against microorganisms that cause infection
2. Remove debris (dead/injured cells)
What do leukocytes primarily act in? Where are they transported?
Correct Answer-The tissues but are transported in the circulation
How many leukocytes does the average adult have? Correct Answer-5-
10k leukocytes/mm3 of blood
What is the most numerous and best understood of the granulocytes?
Correct Answer-Neutrophils (PMN)
What are immature neutrophils called? Correct Answer-bands or stabs
,What are mature neutrophils called? Correct Answer-segmented
neutrophils b/c of the appearance of their nucleus
What happens when the demand for circulating mature neutrophils
exceeds the supply? Correct Answer-Marrow begins to release immature
neutrophils in the blood
What are responsible for "shift-to-the-left" or leukemoid reaction? (2)
Correct Answer-1. Premature release of immature white cells
2. Systemic signs of infection such as fever
What is anemia? Correct Answer-1. A reduction in the total number of
erythrocytes in the circulating blood
2. A decrease in the quality or quantity of hemoglobin
What 4 things usually cause anemia? Correct Answer-1. Impaired
erythrocyte production
2. Blood loss (acute or chronic)
3. Increased erythrocyte destruction
4. Combo of all these
What 2 things happen in megaloblastic anemia? Correct Answer-1. Cells
are challenged to make DNA
2. RNA production proceeds normally
, What are characteristics of megaloblastic anemia(3)? Correct Answer-1.
Cells have slow-maturing nuclei
2. Normal maturing cytoplasm
3. Megaloblastic erythroid precursors that grow large before the larger
nuclei becomes mature enough to signal division
What does megaloblastic anemia cause? Correct Answer-The cell to be
larger than normal
What is an example of megaloblastic anemia? Correct Answer-
Pernicious anemia (Vit B12 deficiency anemia)
What is the principal disorder of Pernicious anemia? Correct Answer-
Absence of Intrinsic factor
Where is IF secreted and how is vit B12 involved? Correct Answer-1.
Gastric parietal cells
2. Complexes with dietary vitamin B12 in the small intestine
What can pernicious anemia lead to? Correct Answer-Wide spectrum of
hematologic and neuropsychiatric disorders that can be reversed by early
diagnosis and prompt treatment
What 2 characteristics are more likely to cause PA than the actual
prevalence of vit B12 deficiency? Correct Answer-1. Use of gastric acid-
blocking agents
