IBCLC EXAM: Nutrition and Biochemistry Practice Questions and Answers

IBCLC EXAM: Nutrition and Biochemistry Practice Questions and Answers What changes to the components in breastmilk occur over time? - Ans:-Increase: water, fat, energy, casein, serotonin, lysozyme Decrease: protein (casein increases), zinc, calcium, LC-PUFAs (specifically between 6-12 months) What is one of the major benefits of colostrum, other than nutrient value? - Ans:-Protective: -coats gut to prevent adherence of pathogens -promotes gut closure Protein dense Colostrum contains... - Ans:--IgA -white cells -lactoferrin ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 2/9 -growth factors with 21 antioxidants etc. In comparison to mature milk, colostrum is: - Ans:-Lower in: -lactose -fat -water -water soluble vitamins Higher in Immunoglobulins and proteins, specifically... -IgA -vitamins A+E -carotenoids ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 3/9 -protein -sodium -zinc -chloride -potassium Whey and casein ratios change throughout lactation, what would you expect in early lactation? - Ans:--more whey than casein in early lactation (90:10) -almost equal quantities of both by the time mature milk is created (60:40) -equal quantities by late lactation (50:50) One type of whey protein is alpha-lactalbumin, what does it do? - Ans:--bind pathogens -kill cancer cells -prevents infection What does the whey protein, lactoferrin do? - Ans:--transports iron and helps it become absorbed -competes with bacteria to bind iron -antibacterial ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 4/9 -essential growth factor for lymphocytes -promotes growth of lactobacilli (good bacteria) What purpose do carbohydrates serve in breastmilk? - Ans:--primary source of calories -provides 40% of energy needs -lactose is main carbohydrate What does lactose do? - Ans:--essential for brain development -produces steady release of glucose -lactose is the primary carbohydrate, least variable,