©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
Certified Lactation Counselor Exam Study Guide
Solutions
Predominant Breastfeeding - Ans:✔✔-Babies who receive breastmilk and other liquids (e.g. water,
minerals, vitamins, oral meds).
Breastfeeding - Ans:✔✔-Baby receives human milk, as well as other foods or fluids, including formula.
Complementary Feeding - Ans:✔✔-Process starts when BM alone or infant formula alone is no longer
sufficient to meet nutritional requirements of infants, therefore other foods or liquids are introduced.
Typically child is between 6-23 months
3 strategies for increasing BF initiation and duration - Ans:✔✔-Promotion, Protection, Support
Promotion - Ans:✔✔-Focuses on advantages of BF on a personal, community, country, or global level. BF
to the community.
Protection - Ans:✔✔-Focuses on government, manufacturer, and social responsibility to assure BF ability
to compete with commercial interests.
Includes state, local, an national laws regarding BF.
International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Subsitutes - Ans:✔✔-Addresses improper marketing
practices by formula companies. It is not currently a law in the US.
What does the International Code Prohibit? - Ans:✔✔-Distributing free formula
Giving coupons for formula
Page 1/67
, ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
What did the AAP resolution state in regards to the International Code? - Ans:✔✔-No distributing
formula, discharge bags, industry written handouts.
Support - Ans:✔✔-Focuses on interaction of helpers with family, as well as program development and
implementation.
10 steps to successful BF - Ans:✔✔-1. Written BF policy. Skin to Skin immediately after birth.
2. Train healthcare staff
3. Inform pregnant women about benefits and management of BF
4. Help all mothers initiate BF within 1 hour after birth
5. Show mother's how to BF and maintain lactation
6. Exclusive breast milk only
7. Practice rooming in 24 hours a day
8. Encourage BF on demand
9. No artificial teats or pacifiers
10. Establishment of BF support groups
Healthcare staff responsibility for working with lactating mothers include what? - Ans:✔✔-1. Training
2. Minimum of 20 hours of training
3. 3 hours of competency verification
Page 2/67
, ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
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What are the indications for providing supplementation other than breast milk? - Ans:✔✔-1. Medical
condition
2. Parents request after being informed of consequences
Protocol for calculating Baby's daily needs - Ans:✔✔-Baby's weight x 2.5 (2.7 or 3.0 if Baby needs to
catch up weight) = daily ounces. PCP decides what the multiplier is!!!
What should be assessed 3-5 days after birth by PCP? - Ans:✔✔-Hydration (elimination patterns)
Body weight (no more than 7% loss)
Observe Feeding
Maternal or infant issues
What is a CLC? - Ans:✔✔-Nationally recognized designation awarded by the ALPP. Practice parameters
are designated by professional scope of practice.
How many stools per day should a breast fed newborn have? - Ans:✔✔-4, some yellow by day 4.
When should a baby be back to birth weight? - Ans:✔✔-12-14 days post birth
How much weight should a baby gain daily? - Ans:✔✔-Approximately 1 ounce
Why do women supplement with formula when there is no medical need? - Ans:✔✔-1. Lack of
preparation for what the newborn period would be like.
2. Lack of timely interventions
Alveoli - Ans:✔✔-Small glands in the breast that produce milk
Page 3/67
, ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
At-Breast Supplementer - Ans:✔✔-a device that allows a supplement to be given while a baby is actively
nursing at the breast,
ex: Supplement Nursing System
Atopy - Ans:✔✔-hypersensitive or allergic state involving an inherited predisposition
What is the BFHI Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative - Ans:✔✔-Initiative by UNICEF and WHO (1991) to
support breastfeeding in hospitals and maternity centers. "The 10 Steps".
Unicef. Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative. Available online:
http://www.unicef.org/programme/breastfeeding/baby.htm.
Bilirubin - Ans:✔✔-an orange-yellow pigment formed in the liver by the breakdown of hemoglobin and
excreted in bile.
CCK (cholecystokinin) - Ans:✔✔-Hormone that regulates the emptying of the gallbladder and secretion
of enzymes by the pancreas.
Colostrum - Ans:✔✔-Thick, milky fluid secreted by the breast during pregnancy and during the first days
after birth before lactation begins. Causes a laxative effect which helps the baby pass meconium.
Coryllos type - Ans:✔✔-Classification system for anklyloglossia (tongue-tie)
Dancer Hand Position - Ans:✔✔-Technique used to support Baby's chin and mother's breast. Use Thumb
and index finger under chin, remaining 3 fingers to support breast.
Alveolar Cells - Ans:✔✔-found in the walls of the alveoli, simple squamous epithelial cells, main sites of
gas exchange
Page 4/67
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
Certified Lactation Counselor Exam Study Guide
Solutions
Predominant Breastfeeding - Ans:✔✔-Babies who receive breastmilk and other liquids (e.g. water,
minerals, vitamins, oral meds).
Breastfeeding - Ans:✔✔-Baby receives human milk, as well as other foods or fluids, including formula.
Complementary Feeding - Ans:✔✔-Process starts when BM alone or infant formula alone is no longer
sufficient to meet nutritional requirements of infants, therefore other foods or liquids are introduced.
Typically child is between 6-23 months
3 strategies for increasing BF initiation and duration - Ans:✔✔-Promotion, Protection, Support
Promotion - Ans:✔✔-Focuses on advantages of BF on a personal, community, country, or global level. BF
to the community.
Protection - Ans:✔✔-Focuses on government, manufacturer, and social responsibility to assure BF ability
to compete with commercial interests.
Includes state, local, an national laws regarding BF.
International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Subsitutes - Ans:✔✔-Addresses improper marketing
practices by formula companies. It is not currently a law in the US.
What does the International Code Prohibit? - Ans:✔✔-Distributing free formula
Giving coupons for formula
Page 1/67
, ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
What did the AAP resolution state in regards to the International Code? - Ans:✔✔-No distributing
formula, discharge bags, industry written handouts.
Support - Ans:✔✔-Focuses on interaction of helpers with family, as well as program development and
implementation.
10 steps to successful BF - Ans:✔✔-1. Written BF policy. Skin to Skin immediately after birth.
2. Train healthcare staff
3. Inform pregnant women about benefits and management of BF
4. Help all mothers initiate BF within 1 hour after birth
5. Show mother's how to BF and maintain lactation
6. Exclusive breast milk only
7. Practice rooming in 24 hours a day
8. Encourage BF on demand
9. No artificial teats or pacifiers
10. Establishment of BF support groups
Healthcare staff responsibility for working with lactating mothers include what? - Ans:✔✔-1. Training
2. Minimum of 20 hours of training
3. 3 hours of competency verification
Page 2/67
, ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
What are the indications for providing supplementation other than breast milk? - Ans:✔✔-1. Medical
condition
2. Parents request after being informed of consequences
Protocol for calculating Baby's daily needs - Ans:✔✔-Baby's weight x 2.5 (2.7 or 3.0 if Baby needs to
catch up weight) = daily ounces. PCP decides what the multiplier is!!!
What should be assessed 3-5 days after birth by PCP? - Ans:✔✔-Hydration (elimination patterns)
Body weight (no more than 7% loss)
Observe Feeding
Maternal or infant issues
What is a CLC? - Ans:✔✔-Nationally recognized designation awarded by the ALPP. Practice parameters
are designated by professional scope of practice.
How many stools per day should a breast fed newborn have? - Ans:✔✔-4, some yellow by day 4.
When should a baby be back to birth weight? - Ans:✔✔-12-14 days post birth
How much weight should a baby gain daily? - Ans:✔✔-Approximately 1 ounce
Why do women supplement with formula when there is no medical need? - Ans:✔✔-1. Lack of
preparation for what the newborn period would be like.
2. Lack of timely interventions
Alveoli - Ans:✔✔-Small glands in the breast that produce milk
Page 3/67
, ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
At-Breast Supplementer - Ans:✔✔-a device that allows a supplement to be given while a baby is actively
nursing at the breast,
ex: Supplement Nursing System
Atopy - Ans:✔✔-hypersensitive or allergic state involving an inherited predisposition
What is the BFHI Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative - Ans:✔✔-Initiative by UNICEF and WHO (1991) to
support breastfeeding in hospitals and maternity centers. "The 10 Steps".
Unicef. Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative. Available online:
http://www.unicef.org/programme/breastfeeding/baby.htm.
Bilirubin - Ans:✔✔-an orange-yellow pigment formed in the liver by the breakdown of hemoglobin and
excreted in bile.
CCK (cholecystokinin) - Ans:✔✔-Hormone that regulates the emptying of the gallbladder and secretion
of enzymes by the pancreas.
Colostrum - Ans:✔✔-Thick, milky fluid secreted by the breast during pregnancy and during the first days
after birth before lactation begins. Causes a laxative effect which helps the baby pass meconium.
Coryllos type - Ans:✔✔-Classification system for anklyloglossia (tongue-tie)
Dancer Hand Position - Ans:✔✔-Technique used to support Baby's chin and mother's breast. Use Thumb
and index finger under chin, remaining 3 fingers to support breast.
Alveolar Cells - Ans:✔✔-found in the walls of the alveoli, simple squamous epithelial cells, main sites of
gas exchange
Page 4/67
