©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
Mental health lecture 3- treating anxiety (CBT and
beyond) Study Guide Solutions
Cognitive theory (Beck, 1976) - Ans:✔✔-Basis premise:
dysfunction occurs from an individual's interpretation of events which in turn influences behaviors
important in maintaining emotional problems (e.g., situation -> negative automatic thoughts ->
reaction/emotion/behaviour)
Negative automatic thoughts and distortions in processing reflect underlying beliefs and assumption
stored in memory, i.e. schemas
Example of this process - Ans:✔✔-walking down the street, friend doesn't notice you (situation)
no one wants to talk to me/likes me (NATs)
depression (reaction)
Negative automatic thoughts (NATs) - Ans:✔✔--verbal
-image
-involuntary, rapid, negative
Page 1/9
, ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
Unhelpful thinking styles - Ans:✔✔-- Overgeneralisation (applying a conclusion to a range of situations
based on isolated evidence)
- Magnification or minimisation (enlarging/reducing the importance of events)
- Mind reading (assuming people are reacting negatively to you despite a ack of evidence for this)
- Arbitrary inference (drawing a conclusion without sufficient evidence)
Schemas - Ans:✔✔-Concepts or mental frameworks that organize and interpret information.
Often specific to a disorder (e.g., anxiety: assumptions and beliefs about danger and lack of ability to
cope)
Can influence our NATs, bias information processing
Can be formed through early learning experiences
Behaviour - Ans:✔✔-what we do is important in maintaining or changing physiological states
FOR EXAMPLE:
when walking down a street and your friend doesn't see you, you can decide to either approach them or
pretend not to see them as well, the first behaviour would lead to the NATs lessening, and the latter
exacerbates/maintains the anxiety/depression/NATs
Page 2/9
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
Mental health lecture 3- treating anxiety (CBT and
beyond) Study Guide Solutions
Cognitive theory (Beck, 1976) - Ans:✔✔-Basis premise:
dysfunction occurs from an individual's interpretation of events which in turn influences behaviors
important in maintaining emotional problems (e.g., situation -> negative automatic thoughts ->
reaction/emotion/behaviour)
Negative automatic thoughts and distortions in processing reflect underlying beliefs and assumption
stored in memory, i.e. schemas
Example of this process - Ans:✔✔-walking down the street, friend doesn't notice you (situation)
no one wants to talk to me/likes me (NATs)
depression (reaction)
Negative automatic thoughts (NATs) - Ans:✔✔--verbal
-image
-involuntary, rapid, negative
Page 1/9
, ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
Unhelpful thinking styles - Ans:✔✔-- Overgeneralisation (applying a conclusion to a range of situations
based on isolated evidence)
- Magnification or minimisation (enlarging/reducing the importance of events)
- Mind reading (assuming people are reacting negatively to you despite a ack of evidence for this)
- Arbitrary inference (drawing a conclusion without sufficient evidence)
Schemas - Ans:✔✔-Concepts or mental frameworks that organize and interpret information.
Often specific to a disorder (e.g., anxiety: assumptions and beliefs about danger and lack of ability to
cope)
Can influence our NATs, bias information processing
Can be formed through early learning experiences
Behaviour - Ans:✔✔-what we do is important in maintaining or changing physiological states
FOR EXAMPLE:
when walking down a street and your friend doesn't see you, you can decide to either approach them or
pretend not to see them as well, the first behaviour would lead to the NATs lessening, and the latter
exacerbates/maintains the anxiety/depression/NATs
Page 2/9
