ISTQB Foundation Level Complete Questions And
Answers
False-fail result - ANSWER test result - defect reported but no defect exists in test
object
Error - Mistake - ANSWER Human action produces an incorrect result
Defect (bug, fault) - ANSWER Flaw in a component or system causing component
or system to fail to perform required function.
Failure - ANSWER Deviation of the component or system from its expected delivery,
service or result.
Quality - ANSWER The degree to which a component, system or process meets
specified requirements and/or user/customer needs and expectations.
Risk - ANSWER A factor that could result in future negative consequences; usually
expressed as impact and likelihood.
False-pass result - ANSWER A test result which fails to identify the presence of a
defect that is actually present in the test object.
Testing - ANSWER Also know as evaluation. The process consisting of all life-cycle
activities both static and dynamic, concerned with planning, preparation, and
evaluation of software products and related work products to determine that they are
fit for purpose and to detect defects.
Requirement - ANSWER A condition or capability needed by a user to solve a
problem or achieve an objective that must be met or possessed by a system or
system component to satisfy a contract, standard, specification, or other formally
imposed document.
Review - ANSWER An evaluation of a product or project status to ascertain
discrepancies from planned results and to recommend improvements. Examples
include management review, informal review, technical review, inspection, and
walkthrough.
Debugging - ANSWER The process of finding, analyzing, and removing the causes
of failures in software.
Confirmation testing (re-testing) - ANSWER Testing that runs test cases that failed
the last time they were run, in order to verify the success of corrective actions.
,Test Strategy - ANSWER A high-level description of the test levels to be performed
and the testing within those levels for an organization or program (one or more
projects)
Test Execution - ANSWER The process of running a test on the component or
system under test, producing actual results
Test approach - ANSWER The implementation of the test strategy for a specific
project.
Test Plan - ANSWER A document describing the scope, approach, resources, and
schedule of intended test activities. It identifies among others test items, the features
to be tested, the testing tasks, who will do each task, degree of test independence,
the test environment, the test design techniques, and entry an exit criteria to be
used, and the rationale for their choice, and any risks requiring contingency planning.
It is a record of the test planning process.
Test monitoring - ANSWER A test management task that deals with the activities
related to periodically checking the status of a test project. Reports are prepared that
compare the actuals to that which was planned.
Test condition - ANSWER An item or event of a component or system that could be
verified by one or more test cases, e.g. a function, transaction, feature, quality
attribute, or structural element.
Test basis - ANSWER All documents from which the requirements of a component
or system can be inferred. the documentation on which the test cases are based. If a
document can be amended only by way of formal amendment procedure, then the
test basis is called a frozen test basis.
Test Data - ANSWER Data the exists before a test is executed, and that affects or is
affected by the component or system under test. Example - in a database
Coverage (test coverage) - ANSWER The degree, expressed as a percentage, to
which a specified coverage item has been exercised by a test suite.
Test procedure specification (test procedure, test script, manual test script) -
ANSWER A document specifying a sequence of actions for the execution of a test.
Test Suite - ANSWER A set of several test cases for a component or system under
test, where the post condition of one test if often used as the precondition for the
next one.
Incident - ANSWER Also known as deviation. Any event occurring that requires
investigation.
Testware - ANSWER Artifacts produced during the test process required to plan,
design, and execute tests, such as documentation, scripts, inputs, expected results,
set-up, and clear-up procedures, files, databases, environment, and any additional
software or utilities used in testing.
, Regression testing - ANSWER Testing of a previously tested program following
modification to ensure that defects have not been introduced or uncovered in
unchanged areas of the software, as a result of the changes made. It is performed
when the software or its environment is changed.
Exit Criteria - ANSWER The set of generic and specific conditions, agreed upon with
the stakeholders, for permitting a process to be officially completed. The purpose of
exit criteria is to prevent a task from being considered completed when there are still
outstanding parts of the task that have not been finished. Exit criteria are used to
report against and to plan when to stop testing.
Test log - ANSWER A chronological record of relevant details about the execution of
tests.
Test summary report - ANSWER A document summarizing testing activities and
results. It is also contains an evaluation of the corresponding test items against exist
criteria.
Error Guessing - ANSWER A test design technique where the experience of the test
is used to anticipate what defects might be present in the component or system
under test as a result of errors made, and to design tests specifically to expose them.
Independence of testing - ANSWER Separation of responsibilities, which
encourages the accomplishment of objective testing
Test policy - ANSWER A high level document describing the principles, approach,
and major objectives regarding testing.
Verification - ANSWER Confirmation by examination and through provision of
objective evidence that specified requirements have been fulfilled.
Validation - ANSWER Confirmation by examination and through provision of
objective evidence that the requirements for a specific intended use or application
have been fulfilled.
V-model - ANSWER A framework to describe the software development lifecycle
activities from requirements specification to maintenance. The V-model illustrates
how testing activities can be integrated into each phase of the software development
lifecycle.
Test level - ANSWER A group of test activities that are organized and managed
together. A test level is linked to the responsibilities in a project. Examples of test
levels are component test, integration test, system test, and acceptance test.
Integration - ANSWER The process of combining components or systems into larger
assemblies.
Answers
False-fail result - ANSWER test result - defect reported but no defect exists in test
object
Error - Mistake - ANSWER Human action produces an incorrect result
Defect (bug, fault) - ANSWER Flaw in a component or system causing component
or system to fail to perform required function.
Failure - ANSWER Deviation of the component or system from its expected delivery,
service or result.
Quality - ANSWER The degree to which a component, system or process meets
specified requirements and/or user/customer needs and expectations.
Risk - ANSWER A factor that could result in future negative consequences; usually
expressed as impact and likelihood.
False-pass result - ANSWER A test result which fails to identify the presence of a
defect that is actually present in the test object.
Testing - ANSWER Also know as evaluation. The process consisting of all life-cycle
activities both static and dynamic, concerned with planning, preparation, and
evaluation of software products and related work products to determine that they are
fit for purpose and to detect defects.
Requirement - ANSWER A condition or capability needed by a user to solve a
problem or achieve an objective that must be met or possessed by a system or
system component to satisfy a contract, standard, specification, or other formally
imposed document.
Review - ANSWER An evaluation of a product or project status to ascertain
discrepancies from planned results and to recommend improvements. Examples
include management review, informal review, technical review, inspection, and
walkthrough.
Debugging - ANSWER The process of finding, analyzing, and removing the causes
of failures in software.
Confirmation testing (re-testing) - ANSWER Testing that runs test cases that failed
the last time they were run, in order to verify the success of corrective actions.
,Test Strategy - ANSWER A high-level description of the test levels to be performed
and the testing within those levels for an organization or program (one or more
projects)
Test Execution - ANSWER The process of running a test on the component or
system under test, producing actual results
Test approach - ANSWER The implementation of the test strategy for a specific
project.
Test Plan - ANSWER A document describing the scope, approach, resources, and
schedule of intended test activities. It identifies among others test items, the features
to be tested, the testing tasks, who will do each task, degree of test independence,
the test environment, the test design techniques, and entry an exit criteria to be
used, and the rationale for their choice, and any risks requiring contingency planning.
It is a record of the test planning process.
Test monitoring - ANSWER A test management task that deals with the activities
related to periodically checking the status of a test project. Reports are prepared that
compare the actuals to that which was planned.
Test condition - ANSWER An item or event of a component or system that could be
verified by one or more test cases, e.g. a function, transaction, feature, quality
attribute, or structural element.
Test basis - ANSWER All documents from which the requirements of a component
or system can be inferred. the documentation on which the test cases are based. If a
document can be amended only by way of formal amendment procedure, then the
test basis is called a frozen test basis.
Test Data - ANSWER Data the exists before a test is executed, and that affects or is
affected by the component or system under test. Example - in a database
Coverage (test coverage) - ANSWER The degree, expressed as a percentage, to
which a specified coverage item has been exercised by a test suite.
Test procedure specification (test procedure, test script, manual test script) -
ANSWER A document specifying a sequence of actions for the execution of a test.
Test Suite - ANSWER A set of several test cases for a component or system under
test, where the post condition of one test if often used as the precondition for the
next one.
Incident - ANSWER Also known as deviation. Any event occurring that requires
investigation.
Testware - ANSWER Artifacts produced during the test process required to plan,
design, and execute tests, such as documentation, scripts, inputs, expected results,
set-up, and clear-up procedures, files, databases, environment, and any additional
software or utilities used in testing.
, Regression testing - ANSWER Testing of a previously tested program following
modification to ensure that defects have not been introduced or uncovered in
unchanged areas of the software, as a result of the changes made. It is performed
when the software or its environment is changed.
Exit Criteria - ANSWER The set of generic and specific conditions, agreed upon with
the stakeholders, for permitting a process to be officially completed. The purpose of
exit criteria is to prevent a task from being considered completed when there are still
outstanding parts of the task that have not been finished. Exit criteria are used to
report against and to plan when to stop testing.
Test log - ANSWER A chronological record of relevant details about the execution of
tests.
Test summary report - ANSWER A document summarizing testing activities and
results. It is also contains an evaluation of the corresponding test items against exist
criteria.
Error Guessing - ANSWER A test design technique where the experience of the test
is used to anticipate what defects might be present in the component or system
under test as a result of errors made, and to design tests specifically to expose them.
Independence of testing - ANSWER Separation of responsibilities, which
encourages the accomplishment of objective testing
Test policy - ANSWER A high level document describing the principles, approach,
and major objectives regarding testing.
Verification - ANSWER Confirmation by examination and through provision of
objective evidence that specified requirements have been fulfilled.
Validation - ANSWER Confirmation by examination and through provision of
objective evidence that the requirements for a specific intended use or application
have been fulfilled.
V-model - ANSWER A framework to describe the software development lifecycle
activities from requirements specification to maintenance. The V-model illustrates
how testing activities can be integrated into each phase of the software development
lifecycle.
Test level - ANSWER A group of test activities that are organized and managed
together. A test level is linked to the responsibilities in a project. Examples of test
levels are component test, integration test, system test, and acceptance test.
Integration - ANSWER The process of combining components or systems into larger
assemblies.
