NUR 3480- Med Surge- Exam 5 ATI Questions and Correct Detailed Answers

NUR 3480- Med Surge- Exam 5 ATI Questions and Correct Detailed Answers A nurse is assessing a client who has acute alcohol intoxication. The nurse should identify that the client is at risk for which of the following acid-base imbalances? A) Respiratory Acidosis B) Respiratory Alkalosis C) Metabolic Acidosis D) Metabolic Alkalosis - Ans:-C) Metabolic Acidosis Rationale: Common Causes of metabolic acidosis include alcohol or ethanol intoxication, diabetic ketoacidosis, hypoxia, kidney failure, diarrhea, and pancraetitis A nurse is caring for a client whose ABG results are pH 7.30, PaCO2 32mmHg, and HCo3-19 mEq/L. The nurse should identify that the client has which of the following acid-base imbalances. ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 2/50 A) Respiratory Acidosis B) Respiratory Alkalosis C) Metabolic Acidosis D) Metabolic Alkalosis - Ans:-C) Metabolic Acidosis Rationale: With metabolic acidosis, the pH is low, the PaCO2 is low or within the expected reference range, and the bicarbonate is low. A nurse is caring for a client who has respiratory acidosis. Which of the following medications should the nurse prepare to administer? A) Antiemetic B) Hypoglycemic C) Antidiarrheal D) Bronchodilator - Ans:-D) Bronchodilator ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 3/50 Rationale: Clients who have respiratory acidosis require interventions that improve oxygenation and ventilation and help maintain airway patency. The nurse should prepare to administer oxygen, a bronchodilator, and possibly a mucolytic and an anti-inflammatory medication. A nurse is caring for a client who has a fever and is hyperventilating. His ABG results are pH 7.51, PaCO2 28 mm Hg, and HCO3 24 mEq/L. The nurse should identify that the client has which of the following acid- base imbalances? A) Respiratory Acidosis B) Respiratory Alkalosis C) Metabolic Acidosis D) Metabloc Alkalosis - Ans:-B) Respiratory Alkalosis Rationale: Because the client is breathing rapidly, he is exhaling excessive amount of carbon dioxide. This loss of carbon dioxide decreases the hydrogen ion level of the blood, causing the pH to increase and the resulting in respiratory alkalosis ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 4/50 A nurse is caring for a client who has a metabolic alkalosis. As the client compensates for this acid-base imbalance, which of the following mechanisms should the nurse expect the client's body to use? A) Hypoventilation B) Hyperventilation C) Increased real acid exretion D) Decreased renal acid excretion - Ans:-A) Hypoventilation Rationale: Hypoventilation is the mechanism that helps clients compensate for metabolic alkalosis. As a result, the client's PaCO2 and HCO3 will increase. A circulating nurse is monitoring the temperature in a surgical suite. The nurse should identify that the cool temperature reduce a client's risk for which of the following potential complications of surgery? A) Malignant hyperthermia B) Blood clots C) Infection ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 5/50 D) Hypoxia - Ans:-C) Infection Rationale: The nurse should identify that a cool room temperature with humidity between 30% to 60% along with a proper air exchange and filtering system, reduces the risk of infection for clients during surgery A nurse is assessing a client who is postoperative. Which of the followin