Pharmacology Exam 1 Ivy Tech Study Guide Solutions

Pharmacology Exam 1 Ivy Tech Study Guide Solutions Ace Inhibitors - Ans:-captopril (Capoten) lisinopril (Prinivil) enalapril (Vasotec) ramipril (Altace) Ace Inhibitor Action - Ans:-Action Blocks conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, leading to a decrease in blood pressure, a decrease in aldosterone production, a small increase in serum potassium, and sodium and fluid loss. Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs) - Ans:-losartan (Cozaar) valsartan (Diovan) irbesartan (Avapro) candesartan (Atacand) olmesartan (Benicar) ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 2/13 ARBS Action - Ans:-Binds with angiotensin II receptors to block vasoconstriction and the release of aldosterone lowering blood pressure. Calcium Channel Blockers (Antihypertensives) - Ans:-diltiazem (Cardizem) verapamil (Calan) nifedipine (Procardia) amlodipine (Norvasc) Calcium Channel Blockers Action - Ans:-Inhibits the movement of calcium ions into cardiac and arterial muscle cells, leading to decreased myocardial contractility, slowed conduction, and dilation of arteries, lowering blood pressure and decreasing myocardial oxygen consumption. Vasodilators - Ans:-nitroprusside hydralazine Vasodilators Action - Ans:-Act directly on vascular smooth muscle leading to vasodilatation and a decrease in blood pressure. Renin Inhibitor - Ans:-aliskiren (Tekturna) Types of Diuretics and Sites of Action - Ans:-Thiazide and thiazide-like ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 3/13 -Distal tubule Loop -Loop of Henle Osmotic -Proximal tubule Potassium-Sparring -Collecting tubule Nonselective Adrenergic Blocking Agents - Ans:-labetalol (Trandate) carvedilol (Coreg) Nonselective Adrenergic Blocking Agents Action - Ans:-Block both alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptors throughout the SNS, resulting in decreased blood pressure and heart rate and increased renal perfusion. Alpha1-Selective Adrenergic Blocking Agents - Ans:-prazosin (Minipress) doxazosin (Cardura) terazosin (Hytrin) ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 4/13 Alpha1-Selective Adrenergic Blocking Agents Action - Ans:-Block alpha1 receptor sites, causing a decrease in vascular tone and vasodilatation. Also cause a relaxation of the bladder and prostate, leading to improved urine flow. Beta-Adrenergic Blocking Agents (Selective) - Ans:-atenolol (Tenormin) metoprolol tartrate (Lopressor) metoprolol succinate (Toprol XL) Beta-Adrenergic Blocking Agents (Nonselective) - Ans:-propranolol (Indera