Nursing106 Pharmacology Ivy Tech Antibiotics Exam Study Guide Solutions

Nursing106 Pharmacology Ivy Tech Antibiotics Exam Study Guide Solutions Penicillin (Antibiotic) - Ans:-Ampicillin/sulbactam (Unasyn) Amoxicillin/ clavulanic acid (Augmentin) Piperacillin/tazobactam (Zosyn) penicillin G (IM, IV), penicillin V naficillin Penicillin Indications - Ans:-*Kills most gram+ and some gram - *wide variety of infections( Broad Spectrum): pneumonia, endocarditis, pharyngitis, meningitis, syphilis *Typically joined with beta-lactamase inhibitors *prophylactic for endocarditis Penicillin Contraindications - Ans:-*Cephalosporin Cross Sensitivity *Allergic RX *Hypersensitivity to Procaine and Benzathine ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 2/16 *Precaution for pts. w/severe kidney impairment Penicillin Interactions - Ans:-*Probenecid increases penicillin levels, * Bacteriostatic agents(ex: tetracyclines) may decreases effects *Reduces effectiveness of Oral Contraceptives Penicillin Adverse Effects - Ans:-* Allergies, anaphylaxis *Renal impairment * GI effects: -Diarrhea ,N/V - C.Diff *Superinfections- typically Candida albicans (yeast) Penicillin Administration/ Pt. Education - Ans:-*Take with food if GI upset- before meals *Finish all medicine, superinfections! *IV/IM: Monitor pt. in facility for at least 30 mins. post admin. *tell pt. to report adverse effects immediately(black/tarry stools, watery diarrhea, ng / discharge,etc) Cephalosporins (Antibiotic) - Ans:-*1st Gen: Cefazolin(Ancef), Cephalexin (Keflex) ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 3/16 *2ngGen:Cefaclor(Ceclor) *3rd Gen: Ceftriaxone(Rocephin) *4th Gen: Cefepime( Maxipime), Ceftaroline(Teflaro; only cephalosporin for MRSA) *5th Gen: Ceftolozane/tazobactam(Zerbaxa) Cephalosporin Indications - Ans:-* wide range for gram+. 1st Gen-5th Gen= increased ability to:1) reach CSF, 2)be more effective against gram -,3) more resistant to beta-lactamases *UTI *Post-Op infections *Pelvic Infections *Meningitis Cephalosporin Contraindications/precaution - Ans:-*Allergy to any in class *allergy to penicillin (cross sensitivity to penicillin) *precaution for Milk allergy, try to avoid *Precaution for GI illness *Precaution for Renal Disease ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 4/16 Cephalosporin Interactions - Ans:-*alcohol( Cefazolan(di-sulfiram rx can occur) ,Cefotetan (can affect clotting, prolongs and promotes bleeding)) *Blood-thinners(Cefotetan- prolongs&promotes bleeding *Probenicid(prolongs effects of this class) *IV calcium & Ceftriaxone(Rocephin)- forms precipitants that damage lungs& kidneys Cephalosporins Adverse Effects - Ans:-*Allergies/Anaphyla