Anatomy and Physiology: Key Concepts and Questions with Correct Answers

Anatomy and Physiology: Key Concepts and Questions with Correct Answers Anatomy - Ans:-Study of body structures and their relationships. Physiology - Ans:-Study of body functions and processes. Histology - Ans:-Study of tissues at the microscopic level. Exercise Physiology - Ans:-Study of body responses to physical activity. Cell Biology - Ans:-Study of cellular structure and function. Gas Exchange - Ans:-Process of oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange. Alveoli - Ans:-Tiny air sacs in lungs for gas exchange. Bronchi - Ans:-Air passages that direct air to lungs. Pulmonary Capillaries - Ans:-Small blood vessels surrounding alveoli. Structural Organization - Ans:-Levels include chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, system, organism. ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 2/7 Organ - Ans:-Structure made of multiple tissue types. Organ System - Ans:-Group of related organs performing a function. Atom - Ans:-Smallest unit of matter participating in reactions. Molecule - Ans:-Two or more atoms bonded together. Cell - Ans:-Basic unit of life in organisms. Tissue - Ans:-Group of cells performing a specific function. Organismal Level - Ans:-Any living individual, including all body parts. Homeostasis - Ans:-Maintenance of stable internal environment. Feedback System - Ans:-Components include receptor, control center, effector. Negative Feedback - Ans:-Response reduces stimulus effect, maintaining balance. Positive Feedback - Ans:-Response enhances stimulus effect, promoting change. Intracellular Fluid - Ans:-Fluid within cells, vital for cellular functions. Extracellular Fluid - Ans:-Fluid outside cells, acts as internal environment. Interstitial Fluid - Ans:-Fluid between cells, facilitates nutrient exchange. ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 3/7 Blood Plasma - Ans:-Liquid component of blood, transports nutrients. Cavity - Ans:-Space within the body containing organs. Abdominopelvic Regions - Ans:-Nine regions used for anatomical location. Chemical Elements - Ans:-Main elements include carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen. Ionic Bond - Ans:-Bond formed by transfer of electrons. Covalent Bond - Ans:-Bond formed by sharing of electrons. pH - Ans:-Measure of acidity or alkalinity in solutions. Buffer Systems - Ans:-Maintain pH stability in biological systems. Catalyst - Ans:-Substance that speeds up chemical reactions. Functional Groups - Ans:-Specific groups of atoms influencing molecular properties. Monomers - Ans:-Small building blocks of larger molecules. Polymers - Ans:-Large molecules made of repeating monomers. Inorganic Compounds - Ans:-Compounds lacking carbon-hydrogen bonds. Organic Compounds - Ans:-Compounds primarily containing carbon atoms. ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 4/7 Concentration - Ans:-Amount of solute in a given volume of solution. Water Functions - Ans:-Regulates temperature, transports nutrients, and removes waste. Bicarbonate Ions - Ans:-Buffering agents preventing excess hydrogen ion buildup. Protein Stabilization - Ans:-Disulfide bonds stabilize protein structures. Isomer - Ans:-Compounds with the same formula but di