©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
WGU C785 Exam Practice Questions
and Answers
What is the basic structure of an amino acid? What do they look like? - Ans:✔✔-amino group (NH2 or
NH3), carboxyl group (COO or COOH), alpha carbon (C), and variable group
How do you identify the 3 different types of side chains: non-polar/hydrophobic, polar, and charged? -
Ans:✔✔-Non-polar/hydrophobic - end with CH or "can't have" water. Polar - end with OH, SH, or NH.
Charged - end with a charge
what kinds of bonds do each of the 3 different types of side chains make? - Ans:✔✔-ionic,
hydrophobic/non-polar, charged
What are the 4 levels of protein structure? - Ans:✔✔-Primary - linear structure, Secondary - Folded into
helix or pleated sheet caused by hydrogen bonding, tertiary - 3D structure caused by side chain
interactions, quaternary - 1+ amino acid chains combine = multiple subunits MUST have 1+ subunit
What enviormental change breaks each type of bond? - Ans:✔✔-hydrophobic - temperature change,
ionic - salt or decreased pH, hydrogen - temperature, change in pH, disulfide - reducing agents
what type of amino acid side chain leads to protein aggregration? - Ans:✔✔-hydrophobic bonds
Page 1/28
, ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
how do environmental changes affect protein folding? - Ans:✔✔-Extreme temp can cause hydrogen
bonds to break apart = malformation of protein folding
how do mutations affect protein structure? - Ans:✔✔-Can cause structure to change. Protein loses form
= loses function. May form a different protein.
What is an electron? - Ans:✔✔-Negatively charged atom on outer ring for bonding
What is energy: - Ans:✔✔-Power derived fro chemical interaction
what are covalent bonds? - Ans:✔✔-chemical bond, atoms share 1+ valence electrons
what is an ionic bond? - Ans:✔✔-bond between positive and negative
what is a hydrogen bond? - Ans:✔✔-weak bond between positive and negative
with an amino? - Ans:✔✔-piece of amino acid, NH2 or NH3
what is a carboyxl? - Ans:✔✔-piece of amino acid, COO or COOH
What is hydrophobic? - Ans:✔✔-Doesn't like water, end with CH
what is hydrophilic? - Ans:✔✔-Water Lovering, end with OH, NH, or SH
what is disulfide bond? - Ans:✔✔-strongest bond between reduction agents, formed between SH's.
Page 2/28
, ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
what are zwitterions? - Ans:✔✔-amino with positive and negative charges = overall charge of zero
what is a polypeptide - Ans:✔✔-polymer of amino acids
What is dehydration synthesis? - Ans:✔✔-Process of forming peptide bonds
what is hydrolysis? - Ans:✔✔-adding water to destroy bonds
what is an alpha helix? - Ans:✔✔-twisted secondary structure, formed by hydrogen bonds
what is a beta sheet? - Ans:✔✔-folded second structure shape, formed by hydrogen bonds
what is denaturation? - Ans:✔✔-loss of shape duet o interruption of chemical bonds; occurs via extreme
salt, temp, pH
what is aggregation? - Ans:✔✔-clumping of inner or outer cellular proteins caused by misfolded proteins
leading to diseases such as Alzheimers, ALS, Parkinson's
how do enzymes catalyze reactions? - Ans:✔✔-bind with substrates to decrease activation energy
required and decrease reaction rate
how do enzymes affect reaction rate and activation energy? - Ans:✔✔-decrease activation energy and
decrease reaction rate
Page 3/28
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
WGU C785 Exam Practice Questions
and Answers
What is the basic structure of an amino acid? What do they look like? - Ans:✔✔-amino group (NH2 or
NH3), carboxyl group (COO or COOH), alpha carbon (C), and variable group
How do you identify the 3 different types of side chains: non-polar/hydrophobic, polar, and charged? -
Ans:✔✔-Non-polar/hydrophobic - end with CH or "can't have" water. Polar - end with OH, SH, or NH.
Charged - end with a charge
what kinds of bonds do each of the 3 different types of side chains make? - Ans:✔✔-ionic,
hydrophobic/non-polar, charged
What are the 4 levels of protein structure? - Ans:✔✔-Primary - linear structure, Secondary - Folded into
helix or pleated sheet caused by hydrogen bonding, tertiary - 3D structure caused by side chain
interactions, quaternary - 1+ amino acid chains combine = multiple subunits MUST have 1+ subunit
What enviormental change breaks each type of bond? - Ans:✔✔-hydrophobic - temperature change,
ionic - salt or decreased pH, hydrogen - temperature, change in pH, disulfide - reducing agents
what type of amino acid side chain leads to protein aggregration? - Ans:✔✔-hydrophobic bonds
Page 1/28
, ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
how do environmental changes affect protein folding? - Ans:✔✔-Extreme temp can cause hydrogen
bonds to break apart = malformation of protein folding
how do mutations affect protein structure? - Ans:✔✔-Can cause structure to change. Protein loses form
= loses function. May form a different protein.
What is an electron? - Ans:✔✔-Negatively charged atom on outer ring for bonding
What is energy: - Ans:✔✔-Power derived fro chemical interaction
what are covalent bonds? - Ans:✔✔-chemical bond, atoms share 1+ valence electrons
what is an ionic bond? - Ans:✔✔-bond between positive and negative
what is a hydrogen bond? - Ans:✔✔-weak bond between positive and negative
with an amino? - Ans:✔✔-piece of amino acid, NH2 or NH3
what is a carboyxl? - Ans:✔✔-piece of amino acid, COO or COOH
What is hydrophobic? - Ans:✔✔-Doesn't like water, end with CH
what is hydrophilic? - Ans:✔✔-Water Lovering, end with OH, NH, or SH
what is disulfide bond? - Ans:✔✔-strongest bond between reduction agents, formed between SH's.
Page 2/28
, ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
what are zwitterions? - Ans:✔✔-amino with positive and negative charges = overall charge of zero
what is a polypeptide - Ans:✔✔-polymer of amino acids
What is dehydration synthesis? - Ans:✔✔-Process of forming peptide bonds
what is hydrolysis? - Ans:✔✔-adding water to destroy bonds
what is an alpha helix? - Ans:✔✔-twisted secondary structure, formed by hydrogen bonds
what is a beta sheet? - Ans:✔✔-folded second structure shape, formed by hydrogen bonds
what is denaturation? - Ans:✔✔-loss of shape duet o interruption of chemical bonds; occurs via extreme
salt, temp, pH
what is aggregation? - Ans:✔✔-clumping of inner or outer cellular proteins caused by misfolded proteins
leading to diseases such as Alzheimers, ALS, Parkinson's
how do enzymes catalyze reactions? - Ans:✔✔-bind with substrates to decrease activation energy
required and decrease reaction rate
how do enzymes affect reaction rate and activation energy? - Ans:✔✔-decrease activation energy and
decrease reaction rate
Page 3/28
