BIO 116 Exam 1 Answers Questions and Answers

BIO 116 Exam 1 Answers Questions and Answers Cohesion, surface tension, and adhesion are the properties of water molecules that a) increase when temperature increases b) results of ionic bonding c) results of hydrogen bonding d) results of polar covalent bonding - Ans:-C : hydrogen bonding Starch, cellulose, and glycogen are long chains of a)amino acids b) glucose c) fatty acids d) nucleotides - Ans:-B : glucose ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 2/22 A nucleotide is made of a) a sugar and a purine or pyrimidine b) a nitrogenous base and a sugar c) a nitrogenous base and a phosphate group d) a nitrogenous base, a phosphate group, and a sugar - Ans:-D: a nitrogenous base, a phosphate group, and a sugar Which is correct when comparing prokaryotes to eukaryotes a) prokaryotic cells are generally bigger than eukaryotes b) only prokaryotic cells have cell wall c) both use ribosomes for protein synthesis d ) chromatin is a term used to describe bacterial genome e) eukaryotic cells ouse their genome in the nuclei region - Ans:-C: both use ribosomes for protein synthesis ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 3/22 The level of structure of a protein described as alpha helices or beta sheets is a) primary structure b) secondary structure c) tertiary structure d) quaternary structure - Ans:-B: secondary structure Suppose a young boy suffers from a metabolic disease that causes chronic fatigue. Which of the following organelles is most likely malfunctioning in his cells? a)lysosomes b)Golgi apparatus c)mitochondria d)smooth endoplasmic reticulum - Ans:-C: mitochondria Which of the following structures form cytoplasmic channels that connect-adjacent plant cells through the cell walls? ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 4/22 a)desmosomes b)gap junctions c)plasmodesmata d)tight junctions - Ans:-C: plasmodesmata A solution with a pH of 2 has how many more protons in it than a solution with a pH of 4? a)2 times more b)10 times more c)100 times more d)1000 times more - Ans:-C: 100 times more Whatkinds of molecules pass through a cell membrane mosteasily? a)large and hydrophobic b)small and hydrophobic ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 5/22 c)large polar d)small and ionic - Ans:-B: small and hydrophobic A covalent bond is likely to be polar when ________. a)one of the atoms sharing electrons is more electronegative than the other atom b)the two atoms sharing electrons are equally electronegative c)carbon is one of the two atoms sharing electrons d)the two atoms sharing electrons are of the same elements - Ans:-A: one of the atoms sharing electrons is more electronegative than the other atom Which two functional groups are always found in amino acids? a)carbonyl and amino groups b)carboxyl and amino groups c)amino and sulfhydryl groups d)hydroxyl and carboxyl groups - Ans:-B: carboxyl and amino groups ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 6/22 DNAs are polymers made of __________. a)amino acids b)ribose c)deoxyribose d)nucleotides e)nucleosides - Ans:-D: nucleotides Based on Figure 1, which of these experimental treatments would increase the rate of sucrose transportinto a plant cell? a)decreasing extracellular sucrose concentration b)decreasing extracellular pH c)increasing extracellular pH ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 7/22 d)adding a substance that makes the membrane more permeable to hydrogen ions - Ans:-B: decreasing extracellular pH The second messenger in the following signaling pathway is ________. epinephrine →G protein-coupled receptor →G protein →adenylyl cyclase →cAMP a)cAMP b)G protein c)adenylyl cyclase d)G protein-coupled receptor - Ans:-A: cAMP The receptors for steroid hormones are located inside the cell instead of the membrane surface like most other signal receptors. How do steroids gain access to their receptors? a)Steroid hormones are lipid soluble, so they can readily diffuse through the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane. b)Steroid hormone receptors undergo conformational changes that relocate them on the membrane surface. ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 8/22 c)Both steroid hormones and their receptors are produced by the same cells. d)Steroid hormones first bind to a steroid activator and this complex is transported across the cell membrane by a steroid transport protein. - Ans:-A: Steroid hormones are lipid soluble, so they can readily diffuse through the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane Besides serving as an energy molecule, ATP is also used as one of the nucleotides during _____. a)DNA synthesis b)RNA synthesis c)protein synthesis d)carbohydrate synthesis - Ans:-B: RNA synthesis What is the name of the microtubule-organizing center found in animal cells as an identifiable structure present during all phases of the cell cycle? a)centromere b)telomere c)centrosome ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 9/22 d)kinetochore - Ans:-C: centrosome In the cells of many eukaryotic species, the nuclear envelope has to disappear to permit which of the following events in the cell cycle? a)DNA synthesis b)attachment of microtubules to kinetochores