bio 116 exam 4 Study Guide with Complete Solutions

bio 116 exam 4 Study Guide with Complete Solutions xylem travels _____, and it is used to transport _____ - Ans:-up, water the capacity of a single parenchyma cell to regenerate into an entire plant is called ____ - Ans:- totipotency what is a major component of the middle lamella? - Ans:-pectin A nail is driven (6 feet above ground level) into the trunk of an oak tree. Oak trees grow 1 foot per year. In 4 years (include spring growth in each year), the nail would be: - Ans:-6 feet above ground level what type of cell is most abundant in a banana? - Ans:-parenchyma the ____ is important in producing pollen and is included in the _____ part of the flower - Ans:- anther, male a major difference between sclerenchyma and collenchyma cells is _____ - Ans:-sclerenchyma are specialized dead cells ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 2/6 the apical meristem (SAM) produces 3 primary meristematic tissues. these are the protoderm, procambium, and the ______ - Ans:-ground meristem the procambium gives rise to the _____ - Ans:-primary xylem, phloem, and some residual meristematic cells If you were shipping bananas to a supermarket thousands of miles away, which of the following chemicals would you want to eliminate from the plants' environment? - Ans:-ethylene You are a very inexperienced Emerald Ash Borer-a tree-boring beetle-your parents have created a diagram of an old woody Ash tree to direct you to the innermost pith—what is the proper order you encounter the following tissues if you started boring from the outside through the bark (some layers are skipped for the sake of simplicity, just put the remaining layers in the correct order) [cork to pith] - Ans:-cork cambium, secondary phloem, vascular cambium, secondary xylem Phototropism in plants is controlled primarily by the hormone _______ that accumulates on the ______ side of the stem (side facing towards or away from light source) causing increased growth, thus bending the stem towards the light. - Ans:-auxin; dark Nitrogen is the element most required by plants (by weight); it can be obtained by plants only by - Ans:-both fixation of atmospheric nitrogen by bacteria and decomposition of organic matter a barred owl is able to raise its young in the center of a living tree because - Ans:-the secondary xylem are dead cells and their decay or absence is not important to the vascular tissue. ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 3/6 We have discussed feedback inhibition throughout the semester with respect to gene regulation, metabolism, and homeostasis. Which of the following illustrates the concept of feedback inhibition? - Ans:-When protein A reaches a certain concentration, the transcription of the gene for protein A is reduced and/or the product of the final reaction in that pathway reacts with an enzyme somewhere along the pathway at the enzyme's allosteric site closing down that pathway and stopping the final product from synthesizing. unlike the pine trees accumulating heavy snow, these trees lose their leaves and go dormant in the winter - Ans:-deciduous Parabasalia and Oxymonadid are two lineages of protozoa that are active in digesting the cell wall of the wood eaten by termites; these cell walls are primarily made of - Ans:-cellulose companion cells would be expected to be most associated with what type of cells? - Ans:-sieve tube elements how do cells in a meristem differ from other cells in a plant? - Ans:-they continue to divide lateral roots are initially derived from the _____ - Ans:-pericycle in general, plants are characterized by _____ growth while animals are characterized by _____ growth - Ans:-indeterminate; determinate ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 4/6 cell division in the vascular cambium adds to the diameter of a tree by adding new ____ on the outside of the vascular cambium layer and _____ on the inside - Ans:-phloem, xylem what is responsible for the actual uptake of water and minerals from the soil? - Ans:-root hairs phloem travels _____ and carries _______ - Ans:-downward; carbohydrates what is associated with plant nutrient up-take from the soil - Ans:-bulk flow and mycorrhizae the filling of the _____ with _____ inside the plant cell increases internal pressure sliding the cellulose sheets apart causing cell wall expansion - Ans:-central vacoule; water nutrients taken up by the roots are transported to the shoot via the _____ - Ans:-xylem what structures are included in a vascular bundle? - Ans:-xylem and phloem what are some characteristics of plant cells? - Ans:-mitoc