©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
BIO 116 Exam Review Questions and
Answers
Which of the following lists some of the levels of biological organization from less complex to more
complex? - Ans:✔✔-atoms, molecules, cells, organs
What are isotopes? - Ans:✔✔-two atoms of an element that have same number of protons but different
numbers of neutrons
What are valence electrons and why are they important? - Ans:✔✔-Valence electrons are the electrons
in the outermost orbital of an atom that can participate in bonding
What are covalent bonds? - Ans:✔✔-electrons shared between atoms
What are ionic bonds? - Ans:✔✔-electrons transferred between oppositely charged atoms
What are hydrogen bonds? - Ans:✔✔-hydrogen atom covalently bonded to a very electronegative atom
is attracted to another electronegative atom
Van der Waals interactions - Ans:✔✔-attractions between partial positive and partial negative charges in
close together molecules due to dispersion forces
Page 1/18
, ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
Rank hydrogen bonds, ionic bonds, Van der waals interactions, and covalent bonds from strongest to
weakest within a cell - Ans:✔✔-covalent bonds > ionic bonds > hydrogen bonds > van der waals
interactions
Describe how cohesion and adhesion make a tree grow tall - Ans:✔✔-Cohesion is water molecules H
bonding to each other, which pulls water molecules up through the tree. Adhesion is water molecules
hydrogen bonding to other substances, like the xylem of the tree. Together, these forces overcome
gravity.
Explain the difference between saturated and unsaturated fats - Ans:✔✔-Unsaturated fatty acids have a
kink (double bond) on their tail that promotes fluidity. Saturated fatty acids do not have this bond so
they tightly pac
What kind of lipid is responsible for controlling gene activity? - Ans:✔✔-Steroids: contain a carbon
skeleton of 4 fused rings
What composes a triglyceride/triacylglycerol? - Ans:✔✔-An ester derived from glycerol and three fatty
acids
What is the difference between dehydration and hydrolysis? - Ans:✔✔-Dehydration is synthesizing a
polymer- you remove H2O and form a new bond. Hydrolysis is breaking down a polymer- you add H2O
and break a bond.
Page 2/18
, ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
A __________________ is formed when a dehydration reaction joins two monosaccharides This covalent
bond is called a _________________. - Ans:✔✔-disaccharide , glycosidic linkage.
Carbohydrates can serve as ______ and _______material. - Ans:✔✔-fuel and building material.
Chromatin is made up of what? - Ans:✔✔-DNA and proteins
Chromatin is only coiled tightly into chromosomes during DNA replication - Ans:✔✔-True
The nucleus has an inner and outer membrane with nuclear pores transcribed mRNA can leave through -
Ans:✔✔-True
Rough ER functions - Ans:✔✔-Membrane factory for the cell, Distributes transport vesicles (secretory
proteins surrounded by membranes), Secrete glycoproteins from ribosomes
Smooth ER functions - Ans:✔✔-Synthesize lipids, Store calcium ions, Metabolize carbohydrates, Detoxify
drugs and poisons
Golgi apparatus is in charge of - Ans:✔✔-shipping and receiving
The Golgi apparatus modifies products from the - Ans:✔✔-endoplasmic reticulum.
The Golgi apparatus manufactures certain - Ans:✔✔-macromolecules
The Golgi apparatus sorts and packages materials into - Ans:✔✔-transport vesicles
Page 3/18
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
BIO 116 Exam Review Questions and
Answers
Which of the following lists some of the levels of biological organization from less complex to more
complex? - Ans:✔✔-atoms, molecules, cells, organs
What are isotopes? - Ans:✔✔-two atoms of an element that have same number of protons but different
numbers of neutrons
What are valence electrons and why are they important? - Ans:✔✔-Valence electrons are the electrons
in the outermost orbital of an atom that can participate in bonding
What are covalent bonds? - Ans:✔✔-electrons shared between atoms
What are ionic bonds? - Ans:✔✔-electrons transferred between oppositely charged atoms
What are hydrogen bonds? - Ans:✔✔-hydrogen atom covalently bonded to a very electronegative atom
is attracted to another electronegative atom
Van der Waals interactions - Ans:✔✔-attractions between partial positive and partial negative charges in
close together molecules due to dispersion forces
Page 1/18
, ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
Rank hydrogen bonds, ionic bonds, Van der waals interactions, and covalent bonds from strongest to
weakest within a cell - Ans:✔✔-covalent bonds > ionic bonds > hydrogen bonds > van der waals
interactions
Describe how cohesion and adhesion make a tree grow tall - Ans:✔✔-Cohesion is water molecules H
bonding to each other, which pulls water molecules up through the tree. Adhesion is water molecules
hydrogen bonding to other substances, like the xylem of the tree. Together, these forces overcome
gravity.
Explain the difference between saturated and unsaturated fats - Ans:✔✔-Unsaturated fatty acids have a
kink (double bond) on their tail that promotes fluidity. Saturated fatty acids do not have this bond so
they tightly pac
What kind of lipid is responsible for controlling gene activity? - Ans:✔✔-Steroids: contain a carbon
skeleton of 4 fused rings
What composes a triglyceride/triacylglycerol? - Ans:✔✔-An ester derived from glycerol and three fatty
acids
What is the difference between dehydration and hydrolysis? - Ans:✔✔-Dehydration is synthesizing a
polymer- you remove H2O and form a new bond. Hydrolysis is breaking down a polymer- you add H2O
and break a bond.
Page 2/18
, ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
A __________________ is formed when a dehydration reaction joins two monosaccharides This covalent
bond is called a _________________. - Ans:✔✔-disaccharide , glycosidic linkage.
Carbohydrates can serve as ______ and _______material. - Ans:✔✔-fuel and building material.
Chromatin is made up of what? - Ans:✔✔-DNA and proteins
Chromatin is only coiled tightly into chromosomes during DNA replication - Ans:✔✔-True
The nucleus has an inner and outer membrane with nuclear pores transcribed mRNA can leave through -
Ans:✔✔-True
Rough ER functions - Ans:✔✔-Membrane factory for the cell, Distributes transport vesicles (secretory
proteins surrounded by membranes), Secrete glycoproteins from ribosomes
Smooth ER functions - Ans:✔✔-Synthesize lipids, Store calcium ions, Metabolize carbohydrates, Detoxify
drugs and poisons
Golgi apparatus is in charge of - Ans:✔✔-shipping and receiving
The Golgi apparatus modifies products from the - Ans:✔✔-endoplasmic reticulum.
The Golgi apparatus manufactures certain - Ans:✔✔-macromolecules
The Golgi apparatus sorts and packages materials into - Ans:✔✔-transport vesicles
Page 3/18
