©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
Chapter 48 Lewis Med Surg Exam
Practice Questions and Answers
1. Which statement by a nurse to a patient newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes is correct?
a. Insulin is not used to control blood glucose in patients with type 2 diabetes.
b. Complications of type 2 diabetes are less serious than those of type 1 diabetes.
c. Changes in diet and exercise may control blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetes.
d. Type 2 diabetes is usually diagnosed when the patient is admitted with a hyperglycemic coma. -
Ans:✔✔-ANS: C
For some patients with type 2 diabetes, changes in lifestyle are sufficient to achieve blood glucose
control. Insulin is frequently used for type 2 diabetes, complications are equally severe as for type 1
diabetes, and type 2 diabetes is usually diagnosed with routine laboratory testing or after a patient
develops complications such as frequent yeast infections.
2. A 48-year-old male patient screened for diabetes at a clinic has a fasting plasma glucose level of 120
mg/dL (6.7 mmol/L). The nurse will plan to teach the patient about
a. self-monitoring of blood glucose.
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, ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
b. using low doses of regular insulin.
c. lifestyle changes to lower blood glucose.
d. effects of oral hypoglycemic medications. - Ans:✔✔-ANS: C
The patient's impaired fasting glucose indicates prediabetes, and the patient should be counseled about
lifestyle changes to prevent the development of type 2 diabetes. The patient with prediabetes does not
require insulin or oral hypoglycemics for glucose control and does not need to self-monitor blood
glucose.
3. A 28-year-old male patient with type 1 diabetes reports how he manages his exercise and glucose
control. Which behavior indicates that the nurse should implement additional teaching?
a. The patient always carries hard candies when engaging in exercise.
b. The patient goes for a vigorous walk when his glucose is 200 mg/dL.
c. The patient has a peanut butter sandwich before going for a bicycle ride.
d. The patient increases daily exercise when ketones are present in the urine. - Ans:✔✔-ANS: D
When the patient is ketotic, exercise may result in an increase in blood glucose level. Type 1 diabetic
patients should be taught to avoid exercise when ketosis is present. The other statements are correct.
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, ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
4. The nurse is assessing a 22-year-old patient experiencing the onset of symptoms of type 1 diabetes.
Which question is most appropriate for the nurse to ask?
a. "Are you anorexic?"
b. "Is your urine dark colored?"
c. "Have you lost weight lately?"
d. "Do you crave sugary drinks?" - Ans:✔✔-ANS: C
Weight loss occurs because the body is no longer able to absorb glucose and starts to break down
protein and fat for energy. The patient is thirsty but does not necessarily crave sugar-containing fluids.
Increased appetite is a classic symptom of type 1 diabetes. With the classic symptom of polyuria, urine
will be very dilute.
5. A patient with type 2 diabetes is scheduled for a follow-up visit in the clinic several months from now.
Which test will the nurse schedule to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment for the patient?
a. Urine dipstick for glucose
b. Oral glucose tolerance test
c. Fasting blood glucose level
d. Glycosylated hemoglobin level - Ans:✔✔-ANS: D
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FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
Chapter 48 Lewis Med Surg Exam
Practice Questions and Answers
1. Which statement by a nurse to a patient newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes is correct?
a. Insulin is not used to control blood glucose in patients with type 2 diabetes.
b. Complications of type 2 diabetes are less serious than those of type 1 diabetes.
c. Changes in diet and exercise may control blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetes.
d. Type 2 diabetes is usually diagnosed when the patient is admitted with a hyperglycemic coma. -
Ans:✔✔-ANS: C
For some patients with type 2 diabetes, changes in lifestyle are sufficient to achieve blood glucose
control. Insulin is frequently used for type 2 diabetes, complications are equally severe as for type 1
diabetes, and type 2 diabetes is usually diagnosed with routine laboratory testing or after a patient
develops complications such as frequent yeast infections.
2. A 48-year-old male patient screened for diabetes at a clinic has a fasting plasma glucose level of 120
mg/dL (6.7 mmol/L). The nurse will plan to teach the patient about
a. self-monitoring of blood glucose.
Page 1/30
, ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
b. using low doses of regular insulin.
c. lifestyle changes to lower blood glucose.
d. effects of oral hypoglycemic medications. - Ans:✔✔-ANS: C
The patient's impaired fasting glucose indicates prediabetes, and the patient should be counseled about
lifestyle changes to prevent the development of type 2 diabetes. The patient with prediabetes does not
require insulin or oral hypoglycemics for glucose control and does not need to self-monitor blood
glucose.
3. A 28-year-old male patient with type 1 diabetes reports how he manages his exercise and glucose
control. Which behavior indicates that the nurse should implement additional teaching?
a. The patient always carries hard candies when engaging in exercise.
b. The patient goes for a vigorous walk when his glucose is 200 mg/dL.
c. The patient has a peanut butter sandwich before going for a bicycle ride.
d. The patient increases daily exercise when ketones are present in the urine. - Ans:✔✔-ANS: D
When the patient is ketotic, exercise may result in an increase in blood glucose level. Type 1 diabetic
patients should be taught to avoid exercise when ketosis is present. The other statements are correct.
Page 2/30
, ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
4. The nurse is assessing a 22-year-old patient experiencing the onset of symptoms of type 1 diabetes.
Which question is most appropriate for the nurse to ask?
a. "Are you anorexic?"
b. "Is your urine dark colored?"
c. "Have you lost weight lately?"
d. "Do you crave sugary drinks?" - Ans:✔✔-ANS: C
Weight loss occurs because the body is no longer able to absorb glucose and starts to break down
protein and fat for energy. The patient is thirsty but does not necessarily crave sugar-containing fluids.
Increased appetite is a classic symptom of type 1 diabetes. With the classic symptom of polyuria, urine
will be very dilute.
5. A patient with type 2 diabetes is scheduled for a follow-up visit in the clinic several months from now.
Which test will the nurse schedule to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment for the patient?
a. Urine dipstick for glucose
b. Oral glucose tolerance test
c. Fasting blood glucose level
d. Glycosylated hemoglobin level - Ans:✔✔-ANS: D
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