mnt 2 exam 3 study guide with complete solutions

mnt 2 exam 3 study guide with complete solutions nutrition support - Ans:-delivery of formulated enteral or parenteral nutrients to maintain or restore nutritional status enteral or parenteral enteral nutrition - Ans:-provision of nutrients into the GI tract through a tube or catheter when oral intake is inadequate may include formulas as oral supps or meal replacements functional GI tract for those who can't eat or can't eat enough, evidenced by calorie count ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 2/54 should be 1st consideration parenteral nutrition - Ans:-provision of nutrients intravenously (last resort) insufficient GI tract function or no access TPN - hyperglycemia - gut atrophy - stress on the liver - 7 days benefits of enteral vs parenteral nutrition - Ans:-better GI barrier function preserved GI immunity ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 3/54 attenuate catabolic response better blood glucose control decreased rates of infection #1 most common TPN complication - Ans:-hyperglycemia what conditions often require enteral nutrition? - Ans:-impaired nutrient ingestion (dysphagia, neurologic disorders, facial trauma, oral or esophageal trauma, congenital abnormalities, respiratory failure, cystic fibrosis, dementia, failure to thrive, burns, cancer) impaired digestion, absorption, metabolism (severe gastroparesis) enteral nutrition access depends on... - Ans:-anticipated length of time of enteral feeding (temp NGT / OGT vs PEG) risk for aspiration or tube displacement ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 4/54 clinical status presence / absence of normal digestion and absorption planned surgical intervention (post pyloric sometimes anchored by IR / GI so doesn't migrate) enteral nasogastric route - Ans:-short term: up to 3 or 4 weeks normal GI function bolus, intermittent, or continuous infusions can still take PO if appropriate enteral nasoduodenal / nasojejunal route - Ans:-short term: up to 3 or 4 weeks ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 5/54 gastric motility disorders, esophageal reflux, persistent nausea and vomiting aspiration risk, gastroparesis, hyperemesis gravidarum enteral percutaneous gastrostomy / jejunostomy (PEG / PEJ) - Ans:-nonsurgical technique preferred for longer than 3 - 4 weeks minimally invasive enteral techniques - Ans:-laparoscopic or fluoroscopic multiple lumen tubes (prolonged GI decompression and small bowel feeding) PEG: can bolus PEJ: bolus feeds contraindicated (still cycle or intermittent feed)