©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
N115 E1Fluid & Electrolyte Exam
Questions and Answers
Average fluid intake per day - Ans:✔✔-1500 mL - 2000mL
Body's 2 major fluid compartments - Ans:✔✔-- Intracellular (ICF) (2/3 of body's water)
- Extracellular (ECF) (1/3 of body's water)
Intracellular fluid is found where? - Ans:✔✔-inside the cell
Extracellular fluid is found where? - Ans:✔✔-Outside the cell
-intravascular (BVs)
-interstitial
-transcellular (inside eyeball, cerebrospinal fluid)
For proper function, the volume of all body fluids and the types, and amount of dissolved substances
must be - Ans:✔✔-carefully balanced
Page 1/33
, ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
hydrostatic pressure is - Ans:✔✔-water molecules in a confined space constantly pressing outward
against the confining walls
What is an example of hydrostatic pressure? - Ans:✔✔-Blood pressure (force of blood inside vessel
pushing inside vessel)
What is dehydration? - Ans:✔✔-fluid intake or fluid retention is less than what is needed to meet the
body's fluid needs, resulting in a fluid volume deficit, especially plasma volume deficit. (decrease in
intravascular and interstitial fluids)
Hypotonic fluid volume deficit is - Ans:✔✔-fluid going into the cell and swelling
Iso-osmolar fluid deficit (isotonic dehydration) is - Ans:✔✔-loss of equal amounts of fluid and solutes
(diarrhea)
Hyperosmolar fluid deficit (dehydration) is - Ans:✔✔-losing a lot more fluid than solutes (burns)
Common causes of dehydration - Ans:✔✔-- hemorrhage
- vomiting
- diarrhea
- profuse salivation
- fistulas
Page 2/33
, ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
- ileostomy
- profuse diaphoresis
- burns
- severe wounds
- long term NPO
- GI suction
- Hyperventilation
- Renal failure (early stage)
- Diabetes insipidus
- Difficulty swallowing
- Impaired thrist
- Unconsciousness
- Fever
- Impaired motor function
ECFVD Clinical Manifestations - Ans:✔✔-- thirst
Page 3/33
, ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
- decreased skin turgor
- dry mucous, dry membranes, dry skin
- sunken eyeballs
- elevated temp
- tachycardia
- decreased BP, orthostatic or postural hypotension
- Oliguria (decreased urine output)
- flat neck and hand veins (even when lying flat)
- increased respiration rate
- changes in mental status and LOC, apprehension, and restlessness, confusion, coma in severe cases.
Diagnostic Findings for ECFV Deficit - Ans:✔✔-- increased serum osmolality
- increased or normal serum sodium level
- elevated hematocrit
- increased blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
Page 4/33
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
N115 E1Fluid & Electrolyte Exam
Questions and Answers
Average fluid intake per day - Ans:✔✔-1500 mL - 2000mL
Body's 2 major fluid compartments - Ans:✔✔-- Intracellular (ICF) (2/3 of body's water)
- Extracellular (ECF) (1/3 of body's water)
Intracellular fluid is found where? - Ans:✔✔-inside the cell
Extracellular fluid is found where? - Ans:✔✔-Outside the cell
-intravascular (BVs)
-interstitial
-transcellular (inside eyeball, cerebrospinal fluid)
For proper function, the volume of all body fluids and the types, and amount of dissolved substances
must be - Ans:✔✔-carefully balanced
Page 1/33
, ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
hydrostatic pressure is - Ans:✔✔-water molecules in a confined space constantly pressing outward
against the confining walls
What is an example of hydrostatic pressure? - Ans:✔✔-Blood pressure (force of blood inside vessel
pushing inside vessel)
What is dehydration? - Ans:✔✔-fluid intake or fluid retention is less than what is needed to meet the
body's fluid needs, resulting in a fluid volume deficit, especially plasma volume deficit. (decrease in
intravascular and interstitial fluids)
Hypotonic fluid volume deficit is - Ans:✔✔-fluid going into the cell and swelling
Iso-osmolar fluid deficit (isotonic dehydration) is - Ans:✔✔-loss of equal amounts of fluid and solutes
(diarrhea)
Hyperosmolar fluid deficit (dehydration) is - Ans:✔✔-losing a lot more fluid than solutes (burns)
Common causes of dehydration - Ans:✔✔-- hemorrhage
- vomiting
- diarrhea
- profuse salivation
- fistulas
Page 2/33
, ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
- ileostomy
- profuse diaphoresis
- burns
- severe wounds
- long term NPO
- GI suction
- Hyperventilation
- Renal failure (early stage)
- Diabetes insipidus
- Difficulty swallowing
- Impaired thrist
- Unconsciousness
- Fever
- Impaired motor function
ECFVD Clinical Manifestations - Ans:✔✔-- thirst
Page 3/33
, ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
- decreased skin turgor
- dry mucous, dry membranes, dry skin
- sunken eyeballs
- elevated temp
- tachycardia
- decreased BP, orthostatic or postural hypotension
- Oliguria (decreased urine output)
- flat neck and hand veins (even when lying flat)
- increased respiration rate
- changes in mental status and LOC, apprehension, and restlessness, confusion, coma in severe cases.
Diagnostic Findings for ECFV Deficit - Ans:✔✔-- increased serum osmolality
- increased or normal serum sodium level
- elevated hematocrit
- increased blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
Page 4/33
