©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
NTR 301 Test #4 Questions and Answers
Water - Ans:✔✔-Most abundant nutrient in the body
60%; 50% - Ans:✔✔-Men are ~_____ water by weight; women are ~_____ water by weight
They have more muscle - Ans:✔✔-Why do men contain more water than women in their bodies?
1. Provides structure: makes up cytoplasm
2. Acts as a solvent: many biochemical reactions can take place only when reacting components are
dissolved in water
3. Acts as a catalyst: hydrolysis - splitting of compounds via water
4. Transports compounds: the medium for oxygen, nutrients, enzymes, immune factors, waste products,
and others via GI secretions, blood, lymph, urine, etc,
5. Acts as a lubricant: tears, saliva, mucus, synovial fluid, amniotic fluid
6. Controls body temp: water holds its temp well - helps prevent wide swings in body temp; water carries
heat away from body via sweat - Ans:✔✔-Functions of water in the body
Page 1/24
, ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
Extreme thirst, less frequent urination, dark colored urine, fatigue, dizziness, confusion - Ans:✔✔-
Symptoms of dehydration
Tells you when to start drinking, but quenching your thirst is not a good indicator of complete fluid
replacement, especially for athletes - Ans:✔✔-Thirst as an indicator of hydration level
Sense of thirst decreases with increasing age; diuretic medications are common - Ans:✔✔-Why are older
adults at risk for dehydration?
May lose water rapidly through their skin; infection leading to diarrhea, causing dehydration is a major
cause of infant death worldwide - Ans:✔✔-Why are infants at risk for dehydration?
Feces (~4%), insensible loss: evaporation from skin and breath(~28%), sweat (~8%), urine (~60%) -
Ans:✔✔-Primary routes of water loss
Stays constant - Ans:✔✔-How does the rate of water loss in feces change from normal temp to hotter
temp/prolonged exercise?
Stays constant - Ans:✔✔-How does the rate of water loss from skin change from normal temp to hotter
temp/prolonged exercise?
Increases - Ans:✔✔-How does the rate of water loss from respiration change from normal temp to hotter
temp/prolonged exercise?
Page 2/24
, ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
Increases - Ans:✔✔-How does the rate of water loss from sweat change from normal temp to hotter
temp/prolonged exercise?
Decreases - Ans:✔✔-How does the rate of water loss in urine change from normal temp to hotter
temp/prolonged exercise?
1. Cells in brain (osmoreceptors) detect increased extracellular sodium concentration (blood osmolality)
2. Osmoreceptors signal pituitary gland to release antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
3. ADH signals kidneys to conserve water, which dilutes blood plasma
4. Also triggers kidneys to increase production of angiotension II, stimulating thirst. It also stimulates
adrenal glands to release aldosterone
5. Aldosterone signals kidneys to retain sodium, and this sodium goes back into blood - Ans:✔✔-How
does the body conserve water in the face of increasing losses?
~80% of daily intake is from fluids and ~20% is from solid foods - Ans:✔✔-What does the DRI for water
assume?
-Men: 3.7 L or 125 oz; 80% = 100 oz
-Women: 2.7 L or 91 oz; 80% = 70 oz - Ans:✔✔-DRI for water
Page 3/24
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
NTR 301 Test #4 Questions and Answers
Water - Ans:✔✔-Most abundant nutrient in the body
60%; 50% - Ans:✔✔-Men are ~_____ water by weight; women are ~_____ water by weight
They have more muscle - Ans:✔✔-Why do men contain more water than women in their bodies?
1. Provides structure: makes up cytoplasm
2. Acts as a solvent: many biochemical reactions can take place only when reacting components are
dissolved in water
3. Acts as a catalyst: hydrolysis - splitting of compounds via water
4. Transports compounds: the medium for oxygen, nutrients, enzymes, immune factors, waste products,
and others via GI secretions, blood, lymph, urine, etc,
5. Acts as a lubricant: tears, saliva, mucus, synovial fluid, amniotic fluid
6. Controls body temp: water holds its temp well - helps prevent wide swings in body temp; water carries
heat away from body via sweat - Ans:✔✔-Functions of water in the body
Page 1/24
, ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
Extreme thirst, less frequent urination, dark colored urine, fatigue, dizziness, confusion - Ans:✔✔-
Symptoms of dehydration
Tells you when to start drinking, but quenching your thirst is not a good indicator of complete fluid
replacement, especially for athletes - Ans:✔✔-Thirst as an indicator of hydration level
Sense of thirst decreases with increasing age; diuretic medications are common - Ans:✔✔-Why are older
adults at risk for dehydration?
May lose water rapidly through their skin; infection leading to diarrhea, causing dehydration is a major
cause of infant death worldwide - Ans:✔✔-Why are infants at risk for dehydration?
Feces (~4%), insensible loss: evaporation from skin and breath(~28%), sweat (~8%), urine (~60%) -
Ans:✔✔-Primary routes of water loss
Stays constant - Ans:✔✔-How does the rate of water loss in feces change from normal temp to hotter
temp/prolonged exercise?
Stays constant - Ans:✔✔-How does the rate of water loss from skin change from normal temp to hotter
temp/prolonged exercise?
Increases - Ans:✔✔-How does the rate of water loss from respiration change from normal temp to hotter
temp/prolonged exercise?
Page 2/24
, ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
Increases - Ans:✔✔-How does the rate of water loss from sweat change from normal temp to hotter
temp/prolonged exercise?
Decreases - Ans:✔✔-How does the rate of water loss in urine change from normal temp to hotter
temp/prolonged exercise?
1. Cells in brain (osmoreceptors) detect increased extracellular sodium concentration (blood osmolality)
2. Osmoreceptors signal pituitary gland to release antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
3. ADH signals kidneys to conserve water, which dilutes blood plasma
4. Also triggers kidneys to increase production of angiotension II, stimulating thirst. It also stimulates
adrenal glands to release aldosterone
5. Aldosterone signals kidneys to retain sodium, and this sodium goes back into blood - Ans:✔✔-How
does the body conserve water in the face of increasing losses?
~80% of daily intake is from fluids and ~20% is from solid foods - Ans:✔✔-What does the DRI for water
assume?
-Men: 3.7 L or 125 oz; 80% = 100 oz
-Women: 2.7 L or 91 oz; 80% = 70 oz - Ans:✔✔-DRI for water
Page 3/24
