NU 155 Exam Practice Questions and Answers

NU 155 Exam Practice Questions and Answers What is afterload? - Ans:-resistance left ventricle must overcome to circulate blood What is stable angina? - Ans:-excerise induced chest pain relieved by rest or nitroglycerin What is unstable angina? - Ans:-Severe chest pain at rest that lasts 15 minutes, may not be relieved by nitroglycerin, treated at hospital with MONA- Morphine, Oxygen, Nitro, Aspirin What is the difference between left sided heart failure and right sided heart failure? - Ans:-Left sided heart failure backs up into the pulmonary system. It causes anxiety, pallor, tachycardia, dyspnea, pulmonary congestion, fatigue, cyanosis. Right sided heart failure backs up into the body. It causes JVD, dependent edema, weight gain, ascites, enlarged organs and GI distress. What is primary hypertension? How is it treated? - Ans:-It is from an unknown cause and is treated with supportive care such as antihypertensive medicine. What is secondary hypertension? How is it treated? - Ans:-Secondary hypertension is from an underlying cause such as renal, endocrine or neuro disorders, stress, alcoholism, arteriosclerosis. It is treated by treating the underlying cause. ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 2/10 What is the difference between venous and arterial occlusion? - Ans:-Venous occlusion is a build up of platelets in the veins. S/S are ankle edema, hyperpigmentation of lower extremities, warm ankles, dull aching pain. Treatment is elastic stockings and elevating feet. Arterial occlusion is a build up of fibrin in the arteries. S/S are the 5 "p"s -pain, pulse lessens, pallor, paresthesia, paralysis. Treatment is to avoid elastic stockings and elevating legs. What is the desired level for HDL? - Ans:- 50 What is the desired level of LDL? - Ans:-60-180 What is the desired total cholesterol level? - Ans:-200 mg/dL What lab is used to diagnosis heart failure? - Ans:-BNP What lab is used to diagnosis MI (heart attack)? - Ans:-Troponin What is the treatment for heart failure? - Ans:-Digoxin- increases pumping strength of the heart Loop diuretics- remove excess fluid -What are the s/s of hypertension? -Treatment? - Ans:--Headache, fatigue, blurred vision, nose bleeds, tinnitus, chest pain, irregular heart beat, intermittent confusion. ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 3/10 -life style modifications, smoking cessation, low sodium diet, alcohol restriction, exercise, relaxation techniques and/or medications such as diuretics, beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, ACE inhibitors, ARB's, direct vasodilators. -What are the s/s of varicose veins? -Treatment? - Ans:--dilated, twisting, discolored veins, legs fatigue easily, cramping, legs feel heavy, dependent edema. -anticoagulant or thrombolytic therapy, bed rest, elevate affected extremity, warm/moist compress -What are the s/s of DVT? -Treatment? - Ans:--throbbing pain in leg(s), swelling in leg, warm skin around the painful area, red/darkened skin around painful area, swollen veins -anticoagulants, thrombolytics, compression stockings -What are the s/s of Burger's disease? -Treatment? - Ans:--fingers/toes are pale, red, blue and cold to the touch, small/painful ulcers, hands/feet have acute pain, numbness/tingling/burning -aspirin, vasodilators, warmth & gentle exercise can increase circulation, avoid tobacco, avoid cold temps -What are the s/s of Raynaud's disease? -Treatment? - Ans:--cold fingers and