NU 308 Acid & Base Imbalances Bushey Exam Questions and Answers

NU 308 Acid & Base Imbalances Bushey Exam Questions and Answers Do you remember what the normal pH level is??? - Ans:-7.35-7.45 In terms of acidosis, this means what has happened? - Ans:--Increased amount of acid (H+) *OR* -Decreased/Loss of base (HCO3) With acidosis what type of symptoms do we see in general and what major Electrolyte imbalance? - Ans:-CNS *depression* & *hyper*kalemia We see hyperkalemia in acidosis because why? - Ans:-Because the body is trying to send hydrogen ions out into the cells to get rid of the acid levels in the blood In the process is sends K+ as well In terms of alkalosis, this means what has happened? - Ans:--Increased amount of base (HCO3) ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 2/12 *OR* -Decreased/Loss of acid (H+) With alkalosis what type of symptoms do we see in general and what major Electrolyte imbalance? - Ans:-CNS *stimulation* and *hypo*kalemia When it comes the body attempting to maintain it's acid-base balance, it does so with what 3 buffers? - Ans:--Hemoglobin and Bicarbonate (chemical buffers) -Lungs -Kidneys The chemical buffers are helpful because they work almost ___________. - Ans:- Instantly/immediately How do the lungs help maintain acid-base balance? - Ans:-They help by either blowing off CO2 (decreasing acid) *or* retaining CO2 (increasing acid) Lungs specifically are used to compensate for what type of acid-base imbalance? - Ans:-Metabolic How quickly do the lungs begin working? - Ans:-Quickly - within minutes to hours How do the kidneys help regulate the acid-base balance? - Ans:-They can wither increase or decrease the amount of HCO3 (base) or H+ (acid) in the blood as it filters through. ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 3/12 However, how long does it take the kidneys to kick in? - Ans:-Can take hours to days Typically if the lung or kidney is the result of the imbalance, the other is... - Ans:-Trying to compensate Do you remember the 4 areas of ABGs we assess and their normal ranges? - Ans:-*pH:* 7.35-7.45 *pCO2:* 35-45 (acid) *HCO3:* 22-26 (base) *pO2:* 80-100 If you were to draw blood gases from capillary blood (CBGs) vs. atrial blood (ABGs), how would this affect the O2 level? - Ans:-Some oxygen has already been delivered through out the body -normal pO2 from CBG: 50-60 What is respiratory acidosis? - Ans:-The result of retaining CO2 -likely from hypoventilation What do the labs look like for respiratory acidosis? - Ans: