NU 308 Exam 1 Practice Questions and Answers

NU 308 Exam 1 Practice Questions and Answers 60% - Ans:-Total body water is about ___ of weight hydrostatic pressure - Ans:-Pressure exerted by fluid on the walls of a blood vessel; directs normal movement of fluid through capillary walls into the tissues osmotic pressure - Ans:-amount of hydrostatic pressure needed to stop the flow of water by osmosis; determined by solute concentration oncotic pressure - Ans:-osmotic pressure exerted by albumin (proteins) hematocrit - Ans:-measures the volume percentage of RBCs in whole blood Hgb - Ans:-M: 14-18 F: 12-16 hyponatremia - Ans:-Symptoms include poor skin turgor, orthostatic hypotension, cramping, altered mental status, coma, muscle twitching, seizures ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 2/7 hypernatremia - Ans:-Extreme thirst may be caused by this electrolyte imbalance hypokalemia - Ans:-Symptoms include fatigue, muscle weakness, hypoactive reflexes, cramps, decreased BP, asystole hyperkalemia - Ans:-Symptoms include tachycardia, cramps, abdominal distention, anxiety/irritability hypocalcemia - Ans:-This electrolyte imbalance requires patient to be on seizure precautions hypermagnesemia - Ans:-Symptoms include hyperactive DTRs and changes in LOC isotonic - Ans:-.9% sodium chloride is a/an ________ solution hypotonic - Ans:-.45% sodium chloride (half normal saline) is a/an ___________ solution hypertonic - Ans:-3% sodium chloride is a/an _____________ solution infiltration - Ans:-IV fluids or meds leak into surrounding tissue and DO NOT cause irritation; caused by improper placement or dislodgement extravasation - Ans:-fluid leaks into surrounding tissue and causes irritation; causes edema, blanching, and coolness; patient may complain of pain at site; may require aspiration of med from tissue Phlebitis - Ans:-inflammation of a vein -symptoms: pain and tenderness, hardening (cord-like feeling), treat with warm compress, antibiotics ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 3/7 fluid overload, air embolism, infection - Ans:-List 3 systemic complications of IV therapy hyperkalemia - Ans:-Most common electrolyte imbalance resulting from acidosis hypovolemia - Ans:-increased hematocrit, increased BUN, greater than 1.030 urine specific gravity, increased serum sodium are all lab signs of this fluid imbalance 3.5-5.0 - Ans:-Normal potassium 135-145 - Ans:-Normal sodium 8.5-10.5 - Ans:-Normal calcium 1.8-3.0 - Ans:-Normal magnesium 5 - Ans:-On a scale of 1-5, a ____ is the best for the patient when following the Synergy Model Vulnerability - Ans:-Susceptibility to stressors Stability - Ans:-Ability to maintain equilibrium (high risk of d