NU-155, Galen San Antonio, Final Exam, Harwell Exam Questions and Answers

NU-155, Galen San Antonio, Final Exam, Harwell Exam Questions and Answers What are the s/s of a bone fracture? - Ans:-Pain, edema, crepitus, deformity, feel crepitus (grinding of 2 bone fragments), shortened extremity, may see bone in an open fx, muscle spasms (seen or felt) What are the treatments for a bone fracture? - Ans:--closed reduction- bone manipulated to alignment -open reduction- surgical alignment -stabilization- internal/external fixation, casts, splints -traction What are the complications of a bone fracture? - Ans:--healing impeded by improper alignment and inadequate mobilization -infection with open reduction What is external fixation for a fracture and why is it necessary? - Ans:--system of external pins or apparatus to hold the fractured area stable ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 2/14 -massive open fractures w/ extensive soft tissue damage -infected fractures that don't heal properly -multiple trauma (burns, chest or head injury) What are the nursing assessments for skin/skeletal traction? - Ans:--assess to see that they are in correct position and that the weights are hanging freely -assess pt's body position for proper alignment What is the nursing care needed for strains/sprains? - Ans:--RICE -NSAID's to manage swelling -check for circulation/sensation below compression What is a splint? - Ans:-flexible or rigid device that is used to protect and maintain the position of an injured extremity What patient teaching is needed for cast care? - Ans:--explain the procedure -do NOT scratch under the cast -cast must be protected from moisture ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 3/14 What is compartment syndrome? - Ans:-External or internal pressure that restricts circulation in one or more muscle compartments of the extremities What are the s/s of compartment syndrome? - Ans:-Pallor, Pain, No Pulse, Paresthesia, Paresis (slight/partial paralysis) What is the treatment for compartment syndrome? - Ans:--immediate recognition -remove cast/dressings (if present) -surgical fasciotomy What is key to preventing compartment syndrome? - Ans:-elevation!!! What is carpal tunnel syndrome? - Ans:-compression of the median nerve, usually caused by repetitive movements of hands and wrists What are the s/s of carpal tunnel syndrome? - Ans:--pain -numbness -tingling of the hand, particularly at night -repetitive movements of hands and wrists What is the treatment for carpal tunnel syndrome? - Ans:--rest/spl