©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
NU410 Exam 4 Study Guide with
Complete Solutions
Lyme Disease Stage I - Ans:✔✔-- Within 4 weeks after bite, treated with doxycycline or penicillin
- "Bulls eye rash"
- Flulike symptoms
Lyme Disease Stage II - Ans:✔✔-- 4-10 weeks after bite
- Joint pain, memory loss, poor motor coordination, meningitis
Lyme Disease Stage III - Ans:✔✔-Arthritis, neuropathy, myalgia, myocarditis
Poisoning Treatment Goals - Ans:✔✔-- Remove or inactivate poison before it is absorbed
- Provide supportive care in maintaining vital organs systems
- Administer specific antidotes
- Implement tx to hasten elimination of the poison
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, ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
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Alkaline Ingested Poisons - Ans:✔✔-Lye, drain cleaners, toilet bowl cleaners, bleach, nonphosphate
detergents, oven cleaners, button batteries
Acidic Ingested Posions - Ans:✔✔-- Toilet bowl cleaners, pool cleaners, metal cleaners; rust removers,
battery acid
- Bleach is mixed with an acid-containing toilet bowl cleaner, result will be the release of deadly chlorine
gas
Ingested Poisons - Ans:✔✔-- Can be corrosive
- Corrosive poisons include alkaline & acid agents that cause tissue destruction after coming into contact
with mucous membranes
Measures to remove the toxin or decrease its absorption in patients with ingested poisons - Ans:✔✔--
Use of emetics
- Gastric lavage
- Activated charcoal
- Cathartic when appropriate
- Administration of a specific antagonist as early as possible
- Other measures may include diuresis, dialysis or hemoperfusion
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, ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
What don't want you to do in patients who've ingested corrosive poisonous agents - Ans:✔✔-Do not
induce vomiting as cause destruction of tissues by contact
True or False: A corrosive poison is an both an acidic and alkaline agent that causes tissue destruction
after contact - Ans:✔✔-True
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning - Ans:✔✔-- May occur as a result of industrial or household incident or
attempted suicide (fire suppression & motor vehicle exhaust)
- Colorless, odorless, & tasteless gas
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning Patho - Ans:✔✔-- Prevents O2 binding with RBC, thereby reducing O2-
carrying capacity of blood
- Hmg absorbs to CO 200 times faster than it absorbs O2
- Result is called carboxyhemoglobin & it does not transport O2
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning S/S - Ans:✔✔-- May appear intoxicated (from cerebral hypoxia), headache,
muscular weakness, palpitation, dizziness, & confusion which can progress into coma
- Skin can range from cherry-red (hallmark) to cyanotic to pale
- Pulse ox is not valid as hmg is well saturated (but not with O2, rather CO)
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning Nurse Management - Ans:✔✔-- Immediate tx
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, ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
- Reverse cerebral & myocardial hypoxia & to hasten elimination of carbon monoxide
- Carry patient to fresh air
- Loosen all tight clothing
- Initiate CPR if required; administer 100% O2
- Prevent chilling; wrap in blankets
- Keep patient quiet
- Do not allow patient to smoke or drink alcohol
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning Medical Management - Ans:✔✔-- 100% O2 is administered at atmospheric
or preferably hyperbaric pressures to reverse hypoxia & accelerated elimination of CO
- O2 is administered until CO level is less than 5%
- When unintentional CO poisoning occurs, contact health department
- A psychiatric consultation is warranted if poisoning was determined to be a suicide attempt
True or False: Carboxyhemoglobin is hemoglobin bound to carbon monoxide and therefore is unable to
bind with oxygen, resulting in hypoxemia - Ans:✔✔-True
Page 4/89
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
NU410 Exam 4 Study Guide with
Complete Solutions
Lyme Disease Stage I - Ans:✔✔-- Within 4 weeks after bite, treated with doxycycline or penicillin
- "Bulls eye rash"
- Flulike symptoms
Lyme Disease Stage II - Ans:✔✔-- 4-10 weeks after bite
- Joint pain, memory loss, poor motor coordination, meningitis
Lyme Disease Stage III - Ans:✔✔-Arthritis, neuropathy, myalgia, myocarditis
Poisoning Treatment Goals - Ans:✔✔-- Remove or inactivate poison before it is absorbed
- Provide supportive care in maintaining vital organs systems
- Administer specific antidotes
- Implement tx to hasten elimination of the poison
Page 1/89
, ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
Alkaline Ingested Poisons - Ans:✔✔-Lye, drain cleaners, toilet bowl cleaners, bleach, nonphosphate
detergents, oven cleaners, button batteries
Acidic Ingested Posions - Ans:✔✔-- Toilet bowl cleaners, pool cleaners, metal cleaners; rust removers,
battery acid
- Bleach is mixed with an acid-containing toilet bowl cleaner, result will be the release of deadly chlorine
gas
Ingested Poisons - Ans:✔✔-- Can be corrosive
- Corrosive poisons include alkaline & acid agents that cause tissue destruction after coming into contact
with mucous membranes
Measures to remove the toxin or decrease its absorption in patients with ingested poisons - Ans:✔✔--
Use of emetics
- Gastric lavage
- Activated charcoal
- Cathartic when appropriate
- Administration of a specific antagonist as early as possible
- Other measures may include diuresis, dialysis or hemoperfusion
Page 2/89
, ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
What don't want you to do in patients who've ingested corrosive poisonous agents - Ans:✔✔-Do not
induce vomiting as cause destruction of tissues by contact
True or False: A corrosive poison is an both an acidic and alkaline agent that causes tissue destruction
after contact - Ans:✔✔-True
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning - Ans:✔✔-- May occur as a result of industrial or household incident or
attempted suicide (fire suppression & motor vehicle exhaust)
- Colorless, odorless, & tasteless gas
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning Patho - Ans:✔✔-- Prevents O2 binding with RBC, thereby reducing O2-
carrying capacity of blood
- Hmg absorbs to CO 200 times faster than it absorbs O2
- Result is called carboxyhemoglobin & it does not transport O2
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning S/S - Ans:✔✔-- May appear intoxicated (from cerebral hypoxia), headache,
muscular weakness, palpitation, dizziness, & confusion which can progress into coma
- Skin can range from cherry-red (hallmark) to cyanotic to pale
- Pulse ox is not valid as hmg is well saturated (but not with O2, rather CO)
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning Nurse Management - Ans:✔✔-- Immediate tx
Page 3/89
, ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
- Reverse cerebral & myocardial hypoxia & to hasten elimination of carbon monoxide
- Carry patient to fresh air
- Loosen all tight clothing
- Initiate CPR if required; administer 100% O2
- Prevent chilling; wrap in blankets
- Keep patient quiet
- Do not allow patient to smoke or drink alcohol
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning Medical Management - Ans:✔✔-- 100% O2 is administered at atmospheric
or preferably hyperbaric pressures to reverse hypoxia & accelerated elimination of CO
- O2 is administered until CO level is less than 5%
- When unintentional CO poisoning occurs, contact health department
- A psychiatric consultation is warranted if poisoning was determined to be a suicide attempt
True or False: Carboxyhemoglobin is hemoglobin bound to carbon monoxide and therefore is unable to
bind with oxygen, resulting in hypoxemia - Ans:✔✔-True
Page 4/89
