NUR 113 - Practice Questions Test 1 Practice Questions and Answers

NUR 113 - Practice Questions Test 1 Practice Questions and Answers An adult client in the clinic complains of a cough, fever, nausea, and vomiting for three days. Examination reveals dry tongue and oral mucosa and concentrated urine. The client also reports feeling weak and dizzy. Which vital sign measurement would provide the best indicator of current fluid status? A. Temperature B. Respiratory rate and depth C. BP and pulse in lying and standing position D. Pulse oximetry reading at rest - Ans:-C. BP and pulse in lying and standing position A 70 year old client with a past medical history of hypertension and myocardial infarction is in the hospital following stomach surgery. Vital signs have been stable and an IV of D51/2 NS is infusing at 100 ml/hr. The client now complains of trouble breathing, has a moist cough, and pulse oximetry reading has fallen to 92%. What action should the nurse take first? ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 2/15 A. Measure blood pressure and heart rate B. Assess legs and arms for pitting edema C. Telephone and notify the physician D. Slow the IV rate to 10 to 20 ml/hr - Ans:-D. Slow the IV rate to 10-20 mL/hr A 45 year old client diagnosed with fluid volume overload due to acute kidney dysfunction is placed on 1,000 mL fluid restriction per 24 hour period. The client asks the nurse, "Why is there such a severe fluid restriction when I already have dry lips and mouth?" What is the nurses best response? A. "The doctor ordered the fluid restriction, so you must comply with those orders." B. "Your kidneys are not able to eliminate extra fluid right now, so fluid intake has to be limited to protect your heart and lungs from being overloaded with fluid." C. "You probably drank too much fluid before you got sick, so you can't compare your usual intake to your limitations now that your kidneys are working." D. "Too much fluid will cause your heart to fail and your lungs to fill with water, which could be fatal." - Ans:-B. "Your kidneys are not able to eliminate extra fluid right now, so fluid intake has to be limited to protect your heart and lungs from being overloaded with fluid." ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 3/15 The nurse is helping a client who was recently placed on a low-sodium diet to choose foods for lunch. Which lunch menu would be best for this client? A. Grilled chicken sandwich on white bread, apple, salad, and iced tea B. Bologna sandwich on wheat bread, canned fruit cocktail, salad, and a soda C. Canned ham and bean soup, fresh fruit salad, pickles, and a diet soda D. Fast food cheeseburger, grapes, fresh pineapple, and tomato juice - Ans:-A. Grilled chicken sandwich on white bread, apple, salad, and iced tea During intershift report, the nurse is told that a client who has suffered a stroke has also developed diabetes insipidus. The nurse concludes that this client is now at risk for: A. Severe fluid volume deficit due to excess urine output B. Severe fluid volume excess due to inadequate urine output C. Hyperglycemia due to poor insulin production D. Hypoglycemia due to excess insulin production - Ans:-A. Severe fluid volume deficit due to excess urine output ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 4/15 The nurse is monitoring IV fluid therapy for a client with hyponatremia. The nurse knows that which of the following types of solutions exerts the same osmotic pressure as the fluid on the other side of the cell membrane and thus maintains equilibrium and minimizes fluid shifts? A. Hypertonic B. Hyperosmolar C. Hypotonic D. Isotonic - Ans:-D. Isotonic Which of the following interventions is not warranted in planning care for a client admitted with hypernatremia? A. Monitoring intake and output B. Observing for possible increase in temperature C. Observing and preparing for possible seizures D. Restricting fluids to 1200 mL per day - Ans:-B. Observing for possible increase in temperature ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 5/15 Which of the following interventions should be utilized in a client who is experiencing hyponatremia in a hypervolemic state? A. Use normal saline IV to correct extracellular fluid deficit B. Restrict additional fluids C. Remove sources of salt excess D. Replace deficit with free water - Ans:-B. Restrict additional fluids Which of the following statements made by the nurse is correct when performing client education regarding oral potassium supplementation? A. "When you take your potassium pill, if you can't swallow it,you can crush it u