©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
NUR 4410 Exam 2 Study Questions and
Answers
The heart and other components of the circulatory system begin to develop from the mesoderm during
the ____ week of gestation and are completely forms by the _______ week. - Ans:✔✔-fourth and eighth
cardiac output - Ans:✔✔-the volume of blood ejected by the heart in 1 minute
contraction = - Ans:✔✔-systole
relaxation= - Ans:✔✔-diastole
mothers with a history of lupus erythematosus snd diabetes put at risk their child for - Ans:✔✔-heart
disease
What kids have a lot of heart defects? - Ans:✔✔-Down syndrome
The heart begins to form at __ weeks gestation. - Ans:✔✔-3
The heart beats at what day? - Ans:✔✔-28 days gestation
Normal fetal shunts are - Ans:✔✔-the ductus venous, foramen ovale, and ductus arteriosus
Page 1/16
, ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
a newborns and infants heart rate ranges from ______-_____ BPM - Ans:✔✔-100-180
What are some of the causes of defects, contributing to the mother? - Ans:✔✔-smoking, diabetic moms,
HTN, medications (seizure meds), viruses (rubella/chicken pox)
The nurse is assessing a newborn and notices that the chest wall is sort of a barrel shape, this finding is?
- Ans:✔✔-Normal
What are some diagnostic tests that can be completed when looking for abnormalities of the heart and
shunts? - Ans:✔✔-cardiac enzymes (but usually not tested), x-ray, pulse ox, ECG, ECHO, holter monitor
Cardiac catheterization can be completed how? - Ans:✔✔-usually through the right and left leg or
sometimes even through the liver
Before a child goes to the cath lab for catheterization the nurse should prep how? - Ans:✔✔-vitals,
electrolyte monitoring, neuro checks, NPO (6hrs), pedal pulses, and aware of allergies
After the child returns from the cath lab the nurse should? - Ans:✔✔-take vitals every 15-30 mins, look
at the dressing and assess, check for pulses, check color and temperature of extremities especially legs,
put on CLEAR liquid diet
Congenital heart disease can mainly be caused by what in kids? - Ans:✔✔-viruses
Kids usually have ______ heart failure. - Ans:✔✔-simultaneous
Page 2/16
, ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
DO NOT feed tachypneic patients when their RR is - Ans:✔✔-100-110
What is the main indicator of heart disease in children? - Ans:✔✔-weight gain (from fluids)
the formula (formula)= - Ans:✔✔-1 scoop of powder to 2oz of water
A patient has CHD what is the nursing care for this child? - Ans:✔✔-PROMOTE rest, HOB raised or put in
a bouncy seat, limit volumes in formula, NG tube (if baby because they loose energy quickly when
feeding), CAN use breast milk but put it in a bottle, monitor oxygen, medications (Digoxin and Lasix)
What are the two main drugs given for CHD? - Ans:✔✔-Digoxin (slows HR and improves contractility and
Lasix (gets rid of excess fluids)
Why are shunt defects seen so often in premies? - Ans:✔✔-because their shunts aren't fully
developed/closed
failure of the ductus arteriosus, which is the artery connecting the aorta and the pulmonary artery, to
close within the first weeks of life. left-right shunt - Ans:✔✔-PDA (patent ductus arteriosus)
What are the s/s of PDA? - Ans:✔✔-respiratory problems, pulmonary HTN, heart failure signs,
What is the treatment of PDA? - Ans:✔✔-indomethacin (IVIG), surgical ligation/left thoracotomy, or coils
embolization to occlude
Diagnosis of PDA? - Ans:✔✔-ECHO, x-ray, hear a murmur ("machinery like")
Page 3/16
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
NUR 4410 Exam 2 Study Questions and
Answers
The heart and other components of the circulatory system begin to develop from the mesoderm during
the ____ week of gestation and are completely forms by the _______ week. - Ans:✔✔-fourth and eighth
cardiac output - Ans:✔✔-the volume of blood ejected by the heart in 1 minute
contraction = - Ans:✔✔-systole
relaxation= - Ans:✔✔-diastole
mothers with a history of lupus erythematosus snd diabetes put at risk their child for - Ans:✔✔-heart
disease
What kids have a lot of heart defects? - Ans:✔✔-Down syndrome
The heart begins to form at __ weeks gestation. - Ans:✔✔-3
The heart beats at what day? - Ans:✔✔-28 days gestation
Normal fetal shunts are - Ans:✔✔-the ductus venous, foramen ovale, and ductus arteriosus
Page 1/16
, ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
a newborns and infants heart rate ranges from ______-_____ BPM - Ans:✔✔-100-180
What are some of the causes of defects, contributing to the mother? - Ans:✔✔-smoking, diabetic moms,
HTN, medications (seizure meds), viruses (rubella/chicken pox)
The nurse is assessing a newborn and notices that the chest wall is sort of a barrel shape, this finding is?
- Ans:✔✔-Normal
What are some diagnostic tests that can be completed when looking for abnormalities of the heart and
shunts? - Ans:✔✔-cardiac enzymes (but usually not tested), x-ray, pulse ox, ECG, ECHO, holter monitor
Cardiac catheterization can be completed how? - Ans:✔✔-usually through the right and left leg or
sometimes even through the liver
Before a child goes to the cath lab for catheterization the nurse should prep how? - Ans:✔✔-vitals,
electrolyte monitoring, neuro checks, NPO (6hrs), pedal pulses, and aware of allergies
After the child returns from the cath lab the nurse should? - Ans:✔✔-take vitals every 15-30 mins, look
at the dressing and assess, check for pulses, check color and temperature of extremities especially legs,
put on CLEAR liquid diet
Congenital heart disease can mainly be caused by what in kids? - Ans:✔✔-viruses
Kids usually have ______ heart failure. - Ans:✔✔-simultaneous
Page 2/16
, ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
DO NOT feed tachypneic patients when their RR is - Ans:✔✔-100-110
What is the main indicator of heart disease in children? - Ans:✔✔-weight gain (from fluids)
the formula (formula)= - Ans:✔✔-1 scoop of powder to 2oz of water
A patient has CHD what is the nursing care for this child? - Ans:✔✔-PROMOTE rest, HOB raised or put in
a bouncy seat, limit volumes in formula, NG tube (if baby because they loose energy quickly when
feeding), CAN use breast milk but put it in a bottle, monitor oxygen, medications (Digoxin and Lasix)
What are the two main drugs given for CHD? - Ans:✔✔-Digoxin (slows HR and improves contractility and
Lasix (gets rid of excess fluids)
Why are shunt defects seen so often in premies? - Ans:✔✔-because their shunts aren't fully
developed/closed
failure of the ductus arteriosus, which is the artery connecting the aorta and the pulmonary artery, to
close within the first weeks of life. left-right shunt - Ans:✔✔-PDA (patent ductus arteriosus)
What are the s/s of PDA? - Ans:✔✔-respiratory problems, pulmonary HTN, heart failure signs,
What is the treatment of PDA? - Ans:✔✔-indomethacin (IVIG), surgical ligation/left thoracotomy, or coils
embolization to occlude
Diagnosis of PDA? - Ans:✔✔-ECHO, x-ray, hear a murmur ("machinery like")
Page 3/16
