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FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
NURS 236 Exam 2 Study Guide Solutions
Nutrition - Ans:✔✔-study of the intake of food and how food nourished the body
Nutrients - Ans:✔✔-substances used by the body for growth, development, activity, reproductions,
lactation, health maintenance, and recovery
Carbohydrates - Ans:✔✔-main source of energy (glucose)
Proteins - Ans:✔✔-tissue growth and repair
Fats - Ans:✔✔-provides structure and insulates the body
Vitamins - Ans:✔✔-needed for metabolism of carbohydrates, protein, and fat
Minerals - Ans:✔✔-provide structure and/or help with regulating body processes
Water - Ans:✔✔-aids in digestion, absorption, circulation, and excretion
Two compartments of fluid in the body - Ans:✔✔-Intracellular fluid (ICF)
· Fluid within the cells (70%)
Extracellular fluid (ECF)
Page 1/67
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· Fluid outside the cells (30%)
Variations in Fluid Content - Ans:✔✔-Healthy individual
·Total body water is 50-60% of body weight.
Infant
·More body fluid and ECF and adult.
- More prone to fluid volume deficit
Body composition
·Women and obese individuals have less body water
Water aids in: - Ans:✔✔-Transporting nutrients to cells and wastes from cells.
Transports hormones, enzymes, blood platelets, and red and white blood cells.
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, ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
Facilitates cellular metabolism and proper cellular chemical functioning.
Acts as a solvent for electrolytes (potassium, sodium, chloride, etc.) and nonelectrolytes (magnesium,
etc.)
Helps maintain normal body temperature.
- sweat
Facilitates digestion and promotes elimination.
Acts as a tissue lubricant.
Main sources of fluid in the body - Ans:✔✔-· Ingested Liquids
· Consumed Foods
· Metabolism
Absorption - Ans:✔✔--nutrients and water to blood vessels and lymph vessels (small intestine)
Page 3/67
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FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
-water to blood vessels (large intestine)
Propulsion - Ans:✔✔--swallowing (oropharynx)
-peristalsis (esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine)
mechanical digestion - Ans:✔✔--chewing (mouth)
-churning (stomach)
-segmentation (small intestine)
Basal Metabolism Rate (BMR) - Ans:✔✔-Energy needed to carry on the involuntary activities of the body
at rest:
· Maintaining body temperature
· Producing and releasing secretions
· Propelling food through the GI tract
· Inflating the lungs
· Contracting the heart muscle
Factors that increase and decrease BMR - Ans:✔✔-Increase
- Growth
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FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
NURS 236 Exam 2 Study Guide Solutions
Nutrition - Ans:✔✔-study of the intake of food and how food nourished the body
Nutrients - Ans:✔✔-substances used by the body for growth, development, activity, reproductions,
lactation, health maintenance, and recovery
Carbohydrates - Ans:✔✔-main source of energy (glucose)
Proteins - Ans:✔✔-tissue growth and repair
Fats - Ans:✔✔-provides structure and insulates the body
Vitamins - Ans:✔✔-needed for metabolism of carbohydrates, protein, and fat
Minerals - Ans:✔✔-provide structure and/or help with regulating body processes
Water - Ans:✔✔-aids in digestion, absorption, circulation, and excretion
Two compartments of fluid in the body - Ans:✔✔-Intracellular fluid (ICF)
· Fluid within the cells (70%)
Extracellular fluid (ECF)
Page 1/67
, ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
· Fluid outside the cells (30%)
Variations in Fluid Content - Ans:✔✔-Healthy individual
·Total body water is 50-60% of body weight.
Infant
·More body fluid and ECF and adult.
- More prone to fluid volume deficit
Body composition
·Women and obese individuals have less body water
Water aids in: - Ans:✔✔-Transporting nutrients to cells and wastes from cells.
Transports hormones, enzymes, blood platelets, and red and white blood cells.
Page 2/67
, ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
Facilitates cellular metabolism and proper cellular chemical functioning.
Acts as a solvent for electrolytes (potassium, sodium, chloride, etc.) and nonelectrolytes (magnesium,
etc.)
Helps maintain normal body temperature.
- sweat
Facilitates digestion and promotes elimination.
Acts as a tissue lubricant.
Main sources of fluid in the body - Ans:✔✔-· Ingested Liquids
· Consumed Foods
· Metabolism
Absorption - Ans:✔✔--nutrients and water to blood vessels and lymph vessels (small intestine)
Page 3/67
, ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
-water to blood vessels (large intestine)
Propulsion - Ans:✔✔--swallowing (oropharynx)
-peristalsis (esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine)
mechanical digestion - Ans:✔✔--chewing (mouth)
-churning (stomach)
-segmentation (small intestine)
Basal Metabolism Rate (BMR) - Ans:✔✔-Energy needed to carry on the involuntary activities of the body
at rest:
· Maintaining body temperature
· Producing and releasing secretions
· Propelling food through the GI tract
· Inflating the lungs
· Contracting the heart muscle
Factors that increase and decrease BMR - Ans:✔✔-Increase
- Growth
Page 4/67
