Pharmacology Nur 3145 Diuretic & Pharmacotherapy of Renal Failure Exam Study Guide

Pharmacology Nur 3145 Diuretic & Pharmacotherapy of Renal Failure Exam Study Guide Diuretics are used to treat what four conditions? (Hint: think heart and kidneys.) - Ans:-Renal Failure Heart Failure Accumulation of Edema & HTN **Name the three primary adverse effects r/t diuretics.** - Ans:-Electrolyte Imbalance Dehydration Hypotension Which type of diuretics are the most effective? - Ans:-Loop diuretics. How do LOOP diuretics work? - Ans:-LOOP diuretics block sodium reabsorption in the LOOP of Henle. (water follows Na+ out of body...) ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 2/25 Loop diuretics can only be administered parenterally. True/False? - Ans:-False! Loop diuretics can be administered both orally and parenterally. (loOP diuretics - both the letters O and P are in the word loOP.) Furosemide (lasix) = Loop diuretic - Ans:-Cruella de Vil was obsessed with FUR, and she was LOOPY af: FURosemide - LOOP diuretic. Furosemide can't be given to patients with a potassium level above 5.1mEq/L or higher. True/False? - Ans:-False! Furosemide cannot be given to patients with a K+ level at 3.4mEq/L or LOWER. Potassium range is 3.5-5.0 mEq/L. 3.4 or lower is Hypokalemia: Lasix will cause further potassium depletion in patients. **Can be administered with potassium supplements to prevent this. Nursing considerations for Furosmeide (Lasix) include all of the following except... a) Monitor vital signs & BP ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 3/25 b) Administer early in the day; esp. if pt. is taking it at home. c) Administer with sodium supplements d) Observe older adults carefully e) Ensure ready access to the bathroom - Ans:-c) Administer with sodium supplements. Exp: Lasix is a loop diuretic; these diuretics work by getting RID of sodium. In fact, administering any sort of supplement is not included in Nursing Considerations... Actual Nursing Considerations: a) Monitor vital signs & BP - risk for hypotension b) ***Administer early in the day; esp. if pt. is taking it at home.*** c) Establish Safety precautions. d) Observe older adults carefully - they need assistance to restroom due to increased risk of falls e) Ensure ready access to bathroom - see reasoning above What are some significant adverse effects to watch out for with Furosemide (loop diuretics)? - Ans:- **Ototoxicity** ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 4/25 Hyperuricemia Metabolic alkalosis Tachycardia Hypovolemia Two important contraindications for Lasix. (Hint: we went over one already.) - Ans:-**Severe fluid/electrolyte depletion** Anuria Name the three cousins of furosemide (lasix). (Hint: generic names usually end in "-ide", trade names usually