PNG 2251-Exam 1 Study Guide with Complete Solutions

PNG 2251-Exam 1 Study Guide with Complete Solutions Give meaning and example -ectomy - Ans:-Meaning: Excision/removal of Example: Appendectomy Give meaning and example -lysis - Ans:-Meaning: Destruction of Example: Electrolysis -orrhaphy - Ans:-Meaning: Repair or suture of Example: Herniorrhaphy -oscopy - Ans:-Meaning: Looking into ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 2/37 Example: Colonoscopy, laparoscopy -ostomy - Ans:-Meaning: Creation of opening into Example: Colostomy -plasty - Ans:-Meaning: Repair or reconstruction of Example: Mammoplasty, rhinoplasty Types of surgery are based on timing (3) - Ans:-1. Elective 2. Urgent 3. Emergency Elective surgery - Ans:-Elective surgery, often requested by the patient, is performed for non-life- threatening procedures and conditions. For example, total knee replacement or breast augmentation. Urgent surgery - Ans:-Urgent surgery describes procedures which need to be performed within a short period of time (usually within 48 hours). Often if a patient requires emergency surgery, but is medically unstable, the surgery becomes urgent surgery. The patient is then stabilized so that surgery can be performed safely. Emergency surgery - Ans:-Emergency surgery is performed immediately on a patient who may otherwise suffer permanent disability or death. ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 3/37 Types of surgical procedures (5) - Ans:-diagnostic, exploratory, curative, palliative, cosmetic Diagnostic surgery is... List an example of this surgery - Ans:-removal & study of tissue to man an accurate diagnosis Example: biopsy Diagnostic surgery is...exploratory List an example of this surgery - Ans:-opening into the body (organ, cavity, etc) to make diagnosis Example: colonoscopy Diagnostic surgery is...curative List an example of this surgery - Ans:-Removal of disease tissue or correct defect of some sort Example: appendectomy Diagnostic surgery is...palliative List an example of this surgery - Ans:-Relieves symptoms to improve function. Not curative. Example: removing tumor that is pressing on bowel obstruction. Surgery doesn't cure patient but makes life more comfortable Diagnostic surgery is... cosmetic ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 4/37 List an example of this surgery - Ans:-Surgery to improve & enhance appearance Example: breast augmentation primary intention healing - Ans:-tissue surfaces are approximated (closed) and there is minimal or no tissue loss, formation of minimal granulation tissue and scarring secondary intention healing - Ans:-wound in which the tissue surfaces are not approximated and there is extensive tissue loss; formation of excessive granulation tissue and scarring tertiary intention healing - Ans:-AKA delayed primary closure; a wound in which the edges could be pulled together and closed with sutures or staples but is purposely left open for 3-5 days due to excessive drainage, hemorrhage, or infection in the wound before it is closed Factor that affect healing (5) - Ans:-age diet lifestyle presence of infection chronic illness ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 5/37 What is meant with 'progression of patient diet' - Ans:-Patients are usually given clear liquids, then full fluids, and advanced to soft foods. Once GI function has returned (passing flatus and BS present) then they can have solid foods in their diet. signs of infection vs. normal inflammatory response - Ans:-Low-grade fever is common in first 2 days post-op . If temperature greater than 38 degrees or lasts more than the 2 days an infection is suspected and wil be investigated. disadvantages of packing - Ans:-Pack cavities with loose dressing material., do not over pack because it may increase the pressure and cause increased damage to the wound bed and interfere with wound healing. The edges must not be left wet or maceration occurs. Another disadvantage is that it is painful. Lastly, it is an environment that is warm, moist and dark, an environment where bacteria would love to grow therefore it is higher risk of infection than a dry dressing.