Week 2 NURS 549 (lipids/statins) Study Guide Solutions

Week 2 NURS 549 (lipids/statins) Study Guide Solutions lipid management - Ans:-concern for atherosclerotic plaque lipid - Ans:-any physiologic substance that is fat-soluble most lipids are good cholesterol - Ans:-building block primary structural compound of cell membrane precursor to bile salts and steroid horomones triglyceride (fatty acid/triaglycerol) - Ans:-major fuel source 3 fuel sourcs - Ans:-carbs (glucose) ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 2/19 protein (aminoacids) fat (triglycerides) glycerophospholipids/sphingolipids - Ans:-lipid molecules embedded in cell membrane give ability to interact with water provide hydrophobic barrier between H2O and cholesterol eicosanoids - Ans:-precursor to prostaglandins bile salts - Ans:-help emulsify dietary fats fat has to be broken down by lining of small intestine, bile breaks it down. ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 3/19 built from cholesterol steroid hormones - Ans:-glucocorticoids mineral corticoids sex hormones assembled with cholesterol and other parts fat soluble vitamins - Ans:-A vision D calcium/phosphorous balance E antioxidant -lots of cellular damage is oxidative ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 4/19 K intrinsic to clotting main 2 lipids important in cardiovascular disease - Ans:-triglycerides and cholesterol either ingested or synthesized triglycerides pathway - Ans:-start in gut if eaten start in liver if made then travel through plasma to muscle to be burned as fuel or adipose for fat storage cholesterol pathway - Ans:-housed in free-cholesterol pool in liver to make structures when needed when eaten, has to go from gut to liver and travel through plasma triglyceride ingestion - Ans:-major dietary lipid ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 5/19 have to be packaged in a way to move through plasma to avoid fat embolis. requires mobilization small intestine breaks it down -emulsified by bile salts -stored in gallbladder -ejected into gut lipase - Ans:-helps bile salts break down triglycerides into purest form (monoacylgycerols and free fatty acids) free fatty acids - Ans:-absorbed into intestinal epithelial cells then reassembled to be used back in trigylceride form intestinal epithelial cell inside - Ans:-reassembled triglyceride packaged with protein to enter water- soluble plasma (becomes chylomicron) chylomicron - Ans:-"bag" to carry trigylcerides to avoid triglyceride coalescence dumped into lymphatic system into blood HDL - Ans:-put protein on chylomicron (apoe and apocII) to provide direction LPL (lipoprotein lipase) - Ans:-released