normal potassium range
3.5-5.0 mEq/L
normal calcium range
9.0-11 mg/dL
normal magnesium range
1.3-2.1 mEq/L
normal phosphorus range
3.0-4.5 mg/dL
normal chloride range
98-106 mEq/L
normal sodium range
135-145 mEq/L
hyponatremia (low sodium) clinical manifestations
mental confusion, muscular weakness, anorexia, elevated body temp,
tachycardia
hypernatremia (high sodium) clinical manifestations
thirst, dry, sticky mucous membranes, decreased urine output, fever
hyponatremia management
foods high in sodium, iv sodium chloride, monitor vs, loc, daily weight
hypernatremia management
water intake, hypotonic iv solution, monitor i and o, vs, diet restrictions
hypokalemia (low potassium) clinical manifestations
fatigue, weakness, anorexia, nausea, abnormal heart rate
3.5-5.0 mEq/L
normal calcium range
9.0-11 mg/dL
normal magnesium range
1.3-2.1 mEq/L
normal phosphorus range
3.0-4.5 mg/dL
normal chloride range
98-106 mEq/L
normal sodium range
135-145 mEq/L
hyponatremia (low sodium) clinical manifestations
mental confusion, muscular weakness, anorexia, elevated body temp,
tachycardia
hypernatremia (high sodium) clinical manifestations
thirst, dry, sticky mucous membranes, decreased urine output, fever
hyponatremia management
foods high in sodium, iv sodium chloride, monitor vs, loc, daily weight
hypernatremia management
water intake, hypotonic iv solution, monitor i and o, vs, diet restrictions
hypokalemia (low potassium) clinical manifestations
fatigue, weakness, anorexia, nausea, abnormal heart rate
