Name the arteries of the UE in order
brachiocephalic, subclavian, axillary, and brachial which splits into ulnar and
radial arteries
Name the rotator cuff muscles
supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis
Origin & insertion of supraspinatus
O: supraspinous fossa of scapula
I: greater tubercle of humerus - upper facet
Origin & insertion of infraspinatus
origin: infraspinatus fossa of scapula
insertion: greater tubercle of humerus - middle facet
Origin & insertion of teres minor
O: posterior-lateral surface of scapula
I: greater tubercle of humerus - lateral
Origin & insertion of subscapularis
O: subscapular fossa
I: lesser tubercle of humerus
Prevalence of proximal humeral fractures
3rd most common fracture in patients over 65
MOI for proximal humeral fractures
- fall on outstretched hand or on elbow
- trauma to the lateral aspect of shoulder
- epilepsy / seizures
Define a fragment as being a "separate" part for proximal humeral fractures
, displacement of a fracture fragment by 1 cm OR angulation b/w fracture
fragments of 45 degrees or greater
Two-part surgical neck fracture
What type of fracture is this?
3-part humeral fracture - impacted humeral head & displaced + angulated
What type of fracture is this?
2-part humeral neck fracture - VERY displaced & angulated; also dislocated
What type of fracture is this?
What are the orthopedic objectives for proximal humeral fractures?
alignment & stability
Explain orthopedic objectives for alignment of proximal humeral fractures
- Maintain normal relationship between humeral head and glenoid
- Reduce greater and lesser tuberosities to maintain rotator cuff function
- Restore neck shaft angle (130°-150°), retroversion angle of 30°
Explain orthopedic objectives for stability of proximal humeral fractures
- External immobilization (non-displaced fracture)
- Internal fixation
- Endoprosthesis
brachiocephalic, subclavian, axillary, and brachial which splits into ulnar and
radial arteries
Name the rotator cuff muscles
supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis
Origin & insertion of supraspinatus
O: supraspinous fossa of scapula
I: greater tubercle of humerus - upper facet
Origin & insertion of infraspinatus
origin: infraspinatus fossa of scapula
insertion: greater tubercle of humerus - middle facet
Origin & insertion of teres minor
O: posterior-lateral surface of scapula
I: greater tubercle of humerus - lateral
Origin & insertion of subscapularis
O: subscapular fossa
I: lesser tubercle of humerus
Prevalence of proximal humeral fractures
3rd most common fracture in patients over 65
MOI for proximal humeral fractures
- fall on outstretched hand or on elbow
- trauma to the lateral aspect of shoulder
- epilepsy / seizures
Define a fragment as being a "separate" part for proximal humeral fractures
, displacement of a fracture fragment by 1 cm OR angulation b/w fracture
fragments of 45 degrees or greater
Two-part surgical neck fracture
What type of fracture is this?
3-part humeral fracture - impacted humeral head & displaced + angulated
What type of fracture is this?
2-part humeral neck fracture - VERY displaced & angulated; also dislocated
What type of fracture is this?
What are the orthopedic objectives for proximal humeral fractures?
alignment & stability
Explain orthopedic objectives for alignment of proximal humeral fractures
- Maintain normal relationship between humeral head and glenoid
- Reduce greater and lesser tuberosities to maintain rotator cuff function
- Restore neck shaft angle (130°-150°), retroversion angle of 30°
Explain orthopedic objectives for stability of proximal humeral fractures
- External immobilization (non-displaced fracture)
- Internal fixation
- Endoprosthesis
