Sympathetic Nervous System R/T Heart - ANSWER -Increases Heart
Rate
-Increases Conduction
-Increases Force
Parasympathetic Nervous System R/T Heart - ANSWER -Decreases
Heart Rat
-Decreases Force
Cardiovascular changes with Age - ANSWER -Muscle density decreases
and the muscle is more like connective tissue
-Vessel elasticity decreases and vessels are not able to fill as much
-Valves become stiffer and thicken causing leaking and backflow
- May have Arrhythmia
-Systolic and Pulse Pressure increases
-veins dilate and blood pools
-adapt poorly to position change (orthostatic hypotension)
Cardiovascular Nursing Assessment - ANSWER -Head-to-toe
-VS
-Skin colour, temp, hair distribution, cap refill
-Heart Sound: murmurs and rubs(pericardial lining inflamed)
-Orthostatic Pressures
Pulse Pressure - ANSWER -difference between systolic and diastolic
pressure
Pulse deficit - ANSWER -difference in Apical and radial pulse
-2 people take the pulses at the same time
Blood Pressure Cuff Sizing - ANSWER -measure w/ index line
-cuff width 40% of arm circumference
-cuff bladder should go 3/4 around the arm
, -blood pressure can vary 25mm if cuff size is wrong
-to small leads to a higher pressure
-to big leads to a lower pressure
EKG/ECG - ANSWER -Electrical activity changes
-on monitor or traced on paper
Echocardiogram - ANSWER -ultrasound of heart
-valve motion
-
Radionuclear Scan: Thallium - ANSWER -Evaluates blood flow
Cardiac Angiography: Heart Cath - ANSWER -femoral or radial access
-into chambers and coronary arteries
-inject die to visualize blockage
Heart Cath Complications - ANSWER -bleeding
-hematoma
-thrombus
-infection
-embolism
Heart Cath Post Procedure - ANSWER -post vital signs
-monitor site for bleeding,swelling, inflammation
-bed rest and lay flat
-encourage fluids
-monitor EKG
-N/V checks
-Pressure Dressing
Lipid Profile - ANSWER -Lipids can be a causative agent for Cardiac
problems such as CAD, MI, hyperlesions, and plaque build up
-TESTS:
---Cholesterol: less than 200
---Triglycerides: form of fat that is deposited in fat tissue
when levels are elevated
---Lipoproteins: HDL & LDL
Rate
-Increases Conduction
-Increases Force
Parasympathetic Nervous System R/T Heart - ANSWER -Decreases
Heart Rat
-Decreases Force
Cardiovascular changes with Age - ANSWER -Muscle density decreases
and the muscle is more like connective tissue
-Vessel elasticity decreases and vessels are not able to fill as much
-Valves become stiffer and thicken causing leaking and backflow
- May have Arrhythmia
-Systolic and Pulse Pressure increases
-veins dilate and blood pools
-adapt poorly to position change (orthostatic hypotension)
Cardiovascular Nursing Assessment - ANSWER -Head-to-toe
-VS
-Skin colour, temp, hair distribution, cap refill
-Heart Sound: murmurs and rubs(pericardial lining inflamed)
-Orthostatic Pressures
Pulse Pressure - ANSWER -difference between systolic and diastolic
pressure
Pulse deficit - ANSWER -difference in Apical and radial pulse
-2 people take the pulses at the same time
Blood Pressure Cuff Sizing - ANSWER -measure w/ index line
-cuff width 40% of arm circumference
-cuff bladder should go 3/4 around the arm
, -blood pressure can vary 25mm if cuff size is wrong
-to small leads to a higher pressure
-to big leads to a lower pressure
EKG/ECG - ANSWER -Electrical activity changes
-on monitor or traced on paper
Echocardiogram - ANSWER -ultrasound of heart
-valve motion
-
Radionuclear Scan: Thallium - ANSWER -Evaluates blood flow
Cardiac Angiography: Heart Cath - ANSWER -femoral or radial access
-into chambers and coronary arteries
-inject die to visualize blockage
Heart Cath Complications - ANSWER -bleeding
-hematoma
-thrombus
-infection
-embolism
Heart Cath Post Procedure - ANSWER -post vital signs
-monitor site for bleeding,swelling, inflammation
-bed rest and lay flat
-encourage fluids
-monitor EKG
-N/V checks
-Pressure Dressing
Lipid Profile - ANSWER -Lipids can be a causative agent for Cardiac
problems such as CAD, MI, hyperlesions, and plaque build up
-TESTS:
---Cholesterol: less than 200
---Triglycerides: form of fat that is deposited in fat tissue
when levels are elevated
---Lipoproteins: HDL & LDL
