COG SCI C100(2024-2025) MIDTERM QUESTIONS WITH
ANSWERS
Implicit Attitudes Test - <<Answers>>Test in which a
participant is asked to Assign each name to the category to
which it belongs by tapping your finger in the appropriate
column. And is asked to do it as quickly as they can
These tests are supposed to expose certain stereotypes present
in the subconscious mind.
Eliminating stereotypes can be allegedly done by viewing
people of a particular group that have associations different
than the stereotypical categories within one's psyche.
Hypnosis and Memory - <<Answers>>Unpredictable Results
Hypnosis may boost recall
•Used to help witness in school bus kidnapping case to
successfully recall kidnapper's license plate
But can also cause people to construct false memories and to
increase their confidence in these false memories
•Hypnotized witnesses may end up testifying confidently to
events they never experienced
,COG SCI C100(2024-2025) MIDTERM QUESTIONS WITH
ANSWERS
•Latter is particularly problematic because highly
hypnotizable subjects are especially vulnerable to false
memory suggestions
Hypnotherapy: Clinical applications of hypnosis -
<<Answers>>•Hypnosis quite successful in treating physical
disorder (e.g., warts, headaches, asthma)
•Not so successful in treating psychological disorders (e.g.,
smoking, overeating, alcoholism)
•Recovery rate for latter increases though when combined
with other therapies like systematic desensitization
Hidden observer issue in hypnosis - <<Answers>>•Research
by Hilgard suggests that a dissociated part of the hypnotized
person (the hidden observer) is aware of what is happening
even when person is ostensibly unaware
-Ice water study: person kept smiling while hidden observer
wrote, "This is agony, let me out!"
Use of Hypnosis in Pain Control - <<Answers>>Use of
hypnosis in childbirth
•Standard hypnotherapy
,COG SCI C100(2024-2025) MIDTERM QUESTIONS WITH
ANSWERS
• Hypnobirthing: combination of self-hypnosis and childbirth
education
★Mechanism: There are sensory and emotional components
of pain perception
•Sensory component is mediated by somatosensory cortex
•Cognitive/emotional component is mediated by the anterior
cingulate cortex and the prefrontal cortex
-> fMRI studies using hypnotic suggestion found that a
decrease in the unpleasantness of pain reduced the activation
of the anterior cingulate cortex without affecting the activity
of the somatosensory cortex
Hallucinogens History - <<Answers>>•Used in Aztec,
Mayan, Incan, West African, South Asian, and Egyptian
societies since ancient times
-To promote physical and mental healing
-To induce spiritual experiences and access "altered states of
consciousness"
, COG SCI C100(2024-2025) MIDTERM QUESTIONS WITH
ANSWERS
•1960s emergence of counterculture led to widespread usage
of hallucinogens in the US
Social/cultural differences in use of hallucinogens -
<<Answers>>•Largely part of underground lifestyle in the
West
•Openly used for spiritual purposes in other parts of the world
LSD: Lysergic Acid Diethylamide - <<Answers>>•Drug
action:-Stimulates serotonergic and dopaminergic receptors
•Positive effects:
-Causes perceptual distortions and hallucinations: "altered
states of consciousness"
--Emotions can vary from euphoria to detachment or panic
-Research has indicated that LSD may be effective for treating
anxiety due to terminal illness, alcoholism, and cluster
headaches
•Adverse effects:
ANSWERS
Implicit Attitudes Test - <<Answers>>Test in which a
participant is asked to Assign each name to the category to
which it belongs by tapping your finger in the appropriate
column. And is asked to do it as quickly as they can
These tests are supposed to expose certain stereotypes present
in the subconscious mind.
Eliminating stereotypes can be allegedly done by viewing
people of a particular group that have associations different
than the stereotypical categories within one's psyche.
Hypnosis and Memory - <<Answers>>Unpredictable Results
Hypnosis may boost recall
•Used to help witness in school bus kidnapping case to
successfully recall kidnapper's license plate
But can also cause people to construct false memories and to
increase their confidence in these false memories
•Hypnotized witnesses may end up testifying confidently to
events they never experienced
,COG SCI C100(2024-2025) MIDTERM QUESTIONS WITH
ANSWERS
•Latter is particularly problematic because highly
hypnotizable subjects are especially vulnerable to false
memory suggestions
Hypnotherapy: Clinical applications of hypnosis -
<<Answers>>•Hypnosis quite successful in treating physical
disorder (e.g., warts, headaches, asthma)
•Not so successful in treating psychological disorders (e.g.,
smoking, overeating, alcoholism)
•Recovery rate for latter increases though when combined
with other therapies like systematic desensitization
Hidden observer issue in hypnosis - <<Answers>>•Research
by Hilgard suggests that a dissociated part of the hypnotized
person (the hidden observer) is aware of what is happening
even when person is ostensibly unaware
-Ice water study: person kept smiling while hidden observer
wrote, "This is agony, let me out!"
Use of Hypnosis in Pain Control - <<Answers>>Use of
hypnosis in childbirth
•Standard hypnotherapy
,COG SCI C100(2024-2025) MIDTERM QUESTIONS WITH
ANSWERS
• Hypnobirthing: combination of self-hypnosis and childbirth
education
★Mechanism: There are sensory and emotional components
of pain perception
•Sensory component is mediated by somatosensory cortex
•Cognitive/emotional component is mediated by the anterior
cingulate cortex and the prefrontal cortex
-> fMRI studies using hypnotic suggestion found that a
decrease in the unpleasantness of pain reduced the activation
of the anterior cingulate cortex without affecting the activity
of the somatosensory cortex
Hallucinogens History - <<Answers>>•Used in Aztec,
Mayan, Incan, West African, South Asian, and Egyptian
societies since ancient times
-To promote physical and mental healing
-To induce spiritual experiences and access "altered states of
consciousness"
, COG SCI C100(2024-2025) MIDTERM QUESTIONS WITH
ANSWERS
•1960s emergence of counterculture led to widespread usage
of hallucinogens in the US
Social/cultural differences in use of hallucinogens -
<<Answers>>•Largely part of underground lifestyle in the
West
•Openly used for spiritual purposes in other parts of the world
LSD: Lysergic Acid Diethylamide - <<Answers>>•Drug
action:-Stimulates serotonergic and dopaminergic receptors
•Positive effects:
-Causes perceptual distortions and hallucinations: "altered
states of consciousness"
--Emotions can vary from euphoria to detachment or panic
-Research has indicated that LSD may be effective for treating
anxiety due to terminal illness, alcoholism, and cluster
headaches
•Adverse effects:
