Genetics exam terms well
defined with a+ rated
2024\2025.
genome - Answer the entire "library" of genetic instructions in DNA that
an organism inherits
Gregor Mendel - Answer father of genetics
allele - Answer alternative form of a gene (one member of a pair)
located at a specific position on a specific chromosome (a letter)
dominant allele - Answer an allele that produces the same phenotype
whether its paired allele is identical or different (capital letter)
recessive allele - Answer an allele that produces its characteristic
phenotype only when its paired allele is identical (lowercase letter)
, genotype - Answer the combination of alleles located on homologous
chromosomes that determines a specific characteristic or trait (the
allelic combination such as Bb)
phenotype - Answer the observable physical or biochemical
characteristics of an organism, as determined by the genotype (the
expressed trait such as brown eyes)
homozygous - Answer term used to refer to an organism that has two
identical alleles for the same trait (ex. BB or bb)
heterozygous - Answer term used to refer to an organism that has two
different alleles for the same trait (ex. Bb)
Punnett square - Answer diagram showing the gene combinations that
might result from a genetic cross
gamete (sex cell) - Answer specialized cell involved in sexual
reproduction (sperm or egg)
probability - Answer the possibility of different outcomes (percentage
or ratio)
monohybrid cross - Answer a one-trait cross (ex. color)
defined with a+ rated
2024\2025.
genome - Answer the entire "library" of genetic instructions in DNA that
an organism inherits
Gregor Mendel - Answer father of genetics
allele - Answer alternative form of a gene (one member of a pair)
located at a specific position on a specific chromosome (a letter)
dominant allele - Answer an allele that produces the same phenotype
whether its paired allele is identical or different (capital letter)
recessive allele - Answer an allele that produces its characteristic
phenotype only when its paired allele is identical (lowercase letter)
, genotype - Answer the combination of alleles located on homologous
chromosomes that determines a specific characteristic or trait (the
allelic combination such as Bb)
phenotype - Answer the observable physical or biochemical
characteristics of an organism, as determined by the genotype (the
expressed trait such as brown eyes)
homozygous - Answer term used to refer to an organism that has two
identical alleles for the same trait (ex. BB or bb)
heterozygous - Answer term used to refer to an organism that has two
different alleles for the same trait (ex. Bb)
Punnett square - Answer diagram showing the gene combinations that
might result from a genetic cross
gamete (sex cell) - Answer specialized cell involved in sexual
reproduction (sperm or egg)
probability - Answer the possibility of different outcomes (percentage
or ratio)
monohybrid cross - Answer a one-trait cross (ex. color)
