Fmst 210 Final Questions With Correct
Detailed Answers.
Cognitive Theory, and which two examples? - ANSWER- Development and behavior
are a result of thought and cognition; Piaget's Cog Dev Theory and Info. Processing
Theory
Psychoanalytic Theory and two examples - ANSWER- Development and behavior are
the result of interplay of inner drives, memories, and conflicts that we are unaware of
and cannot control. Behavior is internally driven. Freud's Psychosexual and Erikson's
Psychosocial
Freud's Psychosexual and Stages - ANSWER- Behavior is driven by unconscious
impulses for physical gratification outside of our awareness (Oral, Anal, Phallic, Latency
and Genital)
Erikson's Psychosocial - ANSWER- Role of the social world, society, and culture in
shaping development (how we see ourselves and in relation w others) (Trust vs
mistrust; autonomy vs shame and doubt; initiative vs guilt; industry vs inferiority; identity
vs role confusion; intimacy vs isolation; generativity vs stagnation; integrity vs despair)
Behaviorist (Operant Conditioning) - ANSWER- Behavior becomes more or less
probable depending on its consequences (exhibit or stop certain behaviors depending
on the rewards and punishments you get)
Behaviorist (Social Learning) and two types - ANSWER- Actively process info, and
thoughts and feelings influence their behaviors; observational learning and reciprocal
determinism
Piaget's Cog-Dev Theory and Stages - ANSWER- Children and adults are active
explorers of their world; sort new info learned into schemas which influences our
behaviour (Sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational)
Information Processing Theory - ANSWER- We behave the way we do because we
have processed what we've learned in a certain way which influence sour behaviour
(Mind is like a computer)
Sociocultural Systems, and two examples - ANSWER- Emphasizes the role of
sociocultural context in development; behaviours are influenced by the contexts we live
in (societal, cultural, neighbourhood and familial). Vygotsky's Sociocultural Sys. and
Bronfenbrenner's Bioecological Sys.
, Maternal Charateristics and Behaviours - ANSWER- Age (over 35=high risk), Nutrition
(access to nutrients like folic acid), Emotional Well Being (chronic severe stress risk to
fetus), and access to pre-natal care (basic services that improve pregnancy outcomes)
Contextual Influences on Pubertal Timing - ANSWER- Nutrition (a protein in fat storage
triggers menstruation) and stress (poor/harsh family relationships, high anxiety, sexual
abuse, parental marital conflict)
Psychosocial Effects of Early and Late Puberty - ANSWER- Can cause anxiety,
depression, low self-esteem, even eating disorders. Early Maturation= more problems
than late:
Ages of early and late puberty on children? - ANSWER- Early is 8 for girls and 9; Late is
13 for girls and 14 for boys
Problems associated w early maturation - ANSWER- Seek out relationships w older
peers, more likely to engage in risky behaviors (drink, smoke, sex -> teen abortion
pregnancy birth and parenting)
Parent Risk Factors for Child Maltreatment - ANSWER- No good knowledge of standard
child development, no problem-solving or coping skills, no impulse control, and
unrealistic expectations of child's behaviour. Living in poverty, w drug/alcohol abuse, or
marital instability.
Marijuana Use in Adolescence and Emerging Adulthood - ANSWER- Canada Avg. Age
of 1st Use: 14 yrs old; men more likely to use as it is perceived less risky, and are more
likely to drive a car after use.
Short-term negative effects of cannabis - ANSWER- Impaired executive function
(problem-solving, abstract thinking, impulse control), impaired memory, impaired recall,
impaired attention.
Guided Participation (Vygotsky) - ANSWER- More skilled partner helps child by talking
them through the process to accomplish something (strictly verbal aid)
Zone of Proximal Development (Vygotsky) - ANSWER- Gap between what a child can
do by themselves and what they can do with assistance (scaffolding and guided
participation occur here)
What are the three parts of the information processing system? - ANSWER- Sensory
Memory, Working (Short-Term) Memory, and long term memory
What happens in Sensory Memory? - ANSWER- Holds incoming sensory info in its
original form; triggers one of the 5 senses; fades quickly if not moved to working
memory
Detailed Answers.
Cognitive Theory, and which two examples? - ANSWER- Development and behavior
are a result of thought and cognition; Piaget's Cog Dev Theory and Info. Processing
Theory
Psychoanalytic Theory and two examples - ANSWER- Development and behavior are
the result of interplay of inner drives, memories, and conflicts that we are unaware of
and cannot control. Behavior is internally driven. Freud's Psychosexual and Erikson's
Psychosocial
Freud's Psychosexual and Stages - ANSWER- Behavior is driven by unconscious
impulses for physical gratification outside of our awareness (Oral, Anal, Phallic, Latency
and Genital)
Erikson's Psychosocial - ANSWER- Role of the social world, society, and culture in
shaping development (how we see ourselves and in relation w others) (Trust vs
mistrust; autonomy vs shame and doubt; initiative vs guilt; industry vs inferiority; identity
vs role confusion; intimacy vs isolation; generativity vs stagnation; integrity vs despair)
Behaviorist (Operant Conditioning) - ANSWER- Behavior becomes more or less
probable depending on its consequences (exhibit or stop certain behaviors depending
on the rewards and punishments you get)
Behaviorist (Social Learning) and two types - ANSWER- Actively process info, and
thoughts and feelings influence their behaviors; observational learning and reciprocal
determinism
Piaget's Cog-Dev Theory and Stages - ANSWER- Children and adults are active
explorers of their world; sort new info learned into schemas which influences our
behaviour (Sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational)
Information Processing Theory - ANSWER- We behave the way we do because we
have processed what we've learned in a certain way which influence sour behaviour
(Mind is like a computer)
Sociocultural Systems, and two examples - ANSWER- Emphasizes the role of
sociocultural context in development; behaviours are influenced by the contexts we live
in (societal, cultural, neighbourhood and familial). Vygotsky's Sociocultural Sys. and
Bronfenbrenner's Bioecological Sys.
, Maternal Charateristics and Behaviours - ANSWER- Age (over 35=high risk), Nutrition
(access to nutrients like folic acid), Emotional Well Being (chronic severe stress risk to
fetus), and access to pre-natal care (basic services that improve pregnancy outcomes)
Contextual Influences on Pubertal Timing - ANSWER- Nutrition (a protein in fat storage
triggers menstruation) and stress (poor/harsh family relationships, high anxiety, sexual
abuse, parental marital conflict)
Psychosocial Effects of Early and Late Puberty - ANSWER- Can cause anxiety,
depression, low self-esteem, even eating disorders. Early Maturation= more problems
than late:
Ages of early and late puberty on children? - ANSWER- Early is 8 for girls and 9; Late is
13 for girls and 14 for boys
Problems associated w early maturation - ANSWER- Seek out relationships w older
peers, more likely to engage in risky behaviors (drink, smoke, sex -> teen abortion
pregnancy birth and parenting)
Parent Risk Factors for Child Maltreatment - ANSWER- No good knowledge of standard
child development, no problem-solving or coping skills, no impulse control, and
unrealistic expectations of child's behaviour. Living in poverty, w drug/alcohol abuse, or
marital instability.
Marijuana Use in Adolescence and Emerging Adulthood - ANSWER- Canada Avg. Age
of 1st Use: 14 yrs old; men more likely to use as it is perceived less risky, and are more
likely to drive a car after use.
Short-term negative effects of cannabis - ANSWER- Impaired executive function
(problem-solving, abstract thinking, impulse control), impaired memory, impaired recall,
impaired attention.
Guided Participation (Vygotsky) - ANSWER- More skilled partner helps child by talking
them through the process to accomplish something (strictly verbal aid)
Zone of Proximal Development (Vygotsky) - ANSWER- Gap between what a child can
do by themselves and what they can do with assistance (scaffolding and guided
participation occur here)
What are the three parts of the information processing system? - ANSWER- Sensory
Memory, Working (Short-Term) Memory, and long term memory
What happens in Sensory Memory? - ANSWER- Holds incoming sensory info in its
original form; triggers one of the 5 senses; fades quickly if not moved to working
memory
