NURS 3632 University Of Texas - Arlington -N3632 -
Exam 3 (Clinical Foundations - Washington) Questions
With Complete Solutions
A client who is recovering from surgery has been advanced from a clear liquid diet to
a full liquid diet. The client is looking forward to the diet change because he has
been "bored" with the clear liquid diet. The nurse would offer which full liquid item to
the client?
1. Tea
2. Gelatin
3. Custard
4. Popsicle - ANSWER 3. Custard
A patient on a clear liquid diet is asking for something more. Of the available options,
which is appropriate? Select all that apply.
a. Chicken broth
b. Chicken noodle soup
c. Popsicles
d. Jello
e. Coffee with cream
f. Grape juice - ANSWER a. Chicken broth
c. Popsicles
d. Jello
A patient is NPO after midnight for a surgical procedure. Which statement if made by
the patient, indicates further teaching for instruction?
a. I can only have sips of water after midnight
b. I can take nothing at all by mouth after midnight
c. If the doctor orders it, I can take my oral meds with just a sip of water after
midnight
d. My stomach and bowels will actually be affected by the anesthesia, just like my
consciousness will - ANSWER a. I can only have sips of water after midnight
The nurse is making initial rounds on the nursing unit ti assess the condition of an
assigned client. The nurse notes that a client's IV site is cool, pale, and swollen, and
the solution is not infusing. The nurse concludes that which of the following
complications has occurred?
1. Infection
2. Phlebitis
3. Infiltration
4. Thrombosis - ANSWER 3. Infiltration
,The patient has 20 mg furosemide ordered IV. Before giving it, the nurse checks on
the latest K+ values, knowing that furosemide is a loop diuretic and will decrease
potassium significantly. What is the minimum value that the nurse will give
medication without notifying the physician of hypokalemia? (mEq/L)
A. 3.4
B. 4.1
C. 4.5
D. 5.2 - ANSWER B. 4.1 mEq/L
A patient has been admitted with dehydration secondary to N/V/D after salmonella
infection. The nurse expects an isotonic IV solution to be ordered. Which of the
following are isotonic? SATA (table 40-7)
a. NS
b. D5W
c. D5RL
d. Lactated Ringer
e. D5NS - ANSWER a. NS
b. D5W
d. Lactated Ringer
A patient is in the ICU and has the following blood gases. ABGs: pH 7.32, PCo2 46,
HCO3 25. How should this be categorized?
a. Metabolic Acidosis
b. Metabolic Alkalosis
c. Respiratory Acidosis
d. Respiratory Alkalosis - ANSWER c. Respiratory Acidosis
What are the causes of respiratory acidosis?
a. decreased respiratory rate
b. increased respiratory rate
c. diarrhea for several days
d. vomiting or gastric suction - ANSWER a. decreased respiratory rate
A patient with vomiting from early pregnancy has been admitted. She is quite
dehydrated. Her electrolytes and ABGs were drawn to determine her status and fluid
needs. The values are listed below. Which electrolytes are out of normal range, and
what is the acid-base status?
Na 129; K+ 3.4, Mg 1.6
ABGs: pH 7.47; pCO2 46; HCO3 27
List the abnormal values
a. metabolic alkalosis
b. metabolic acidosis
c. respiratory acidosis
,d. respiratory alkalosis - ANSWER Abnormal values: Na 129, K+ 3.4, all ABGs (all
except Mg)
a. metabolic alkalosis
A patient with vomiting from early pregnancy has been admitted. She is quite
dehydrated. Her electrolytes and ABGs were drawn to determine her status and fluid
needs. The values are listed below. What IV fluids might be anticipated?
Na 129; K+ 3.4, Mg 1.6
ABGs: pH 7.47; pCO2 46; HCO3 27
a. 1/2 NS at 100 ml/hr
b. D5W at 100 ml/hr
c. D5RL at 100 ml/hr
d. NS with 20 mEq KCL at 100 ml/hr - ANSWER D. NS with 20 mEc KCL at 100
ml/hr
A patient has the following ABGs:
pH: 7.51
pCO2: 48
HCO3: 32
What is going on here?
A. metabolic acidosis
B. metabolic alkalosis
C. respiratory acidosis
D. respiratory alkalosis - ANSWER B. metabolic alkalosis
A patient has the following ABGs:
pH: 7.51
pCO2: 48
HCO3: 32
The respiratory is starting to compensate because the pCO2, which is an acid, is
also high. When metabolic alkalosis is fully compensated, which values might we
see in this patient?
a. pH 7.45; pCO2 49; HCO3 32
b. pH 7.35; pCO2 45; HCO3 26
c. pH 7.34; pCO2 47; HCO3 21
d. pH 7.46; pCO2 47; HCO3 27 - ANSWER a. pH 7.45; pCO2 49; HCO3 32
Arterial blood gases on a client with pneumonia indicate the client is in respiratory
acidosis. In order to best improve this acid-base imbalance, the nurse implements
which of the following interventions? Select all that apply.
1. Restrict oral fluid intake to water only
2. Ambulate client in hallways twice a shift
3. Encourage frequent cough and deep breathing exercises
4. Medicate with nonopiate pain medication frequently for intercostal muscle pain
, 5. Give magnesium - ANSWER 3. Encourage frequent cough and deep breathing
exercises
4. Medicate with nonopiate pain medications frequently for intercostal muscle pain
Which of the following arterial blood gases (ABGs) would the nurse expect to see
when a client has apnea and develops acidosis?
1. pH 7.43; pCO2 48; HCO3 25
2. pH 7.29; pCO2 62; HCO3 23
3. pH 7.36; pCO2 42; HCO3 26
4. pH 7.49; pCO2 30; HCO3 35 - ANSWER 2. pH 7.29; pCO2 62; HCO3 23
Which of the following pH values would the nurse expect to see in an anxious client?
1. 7.45
2. 7.38
3. 7.50
4. 7.20 - ANSWER 3. 7.50
A client admitted to the emergency department with chest injuries following a motor
vehicle accident complains that it hurts to breathe. The client's respiratory rate is 12
and very shallow. The nurse would anticipate which of the following results on the
ABGs?
1. pH 7.42, PaCO2 41, HCO3 23, SaO2 96%
2. pH 7.31, PaCO2 49, HCO3 24, SaO2 87%
3. pH 7.49, PaCO2 34, HCO3 30, SaO2 89%
4. pH 7.38, PaCO2 38, HCO3 22, SaO2 90% - ANSWER 2. pH 7.31, PaCO2 49,
HCO3 24, SaO2 87%
A client with COPD is admitted to the hospital with an exacerbation of the disease.
Arterial blood gas (ABG) results are pH 7.30, PaCO2 51, and HCO3 25. How would
the nurse interpret these?
1. Respiratory acidosis, uncompensated
2. Respiratory alkalosis, partially compensated
3. Respiratory acidosis, compensated
4. Metabolic acidosis , compensated - ANSWER 1. Respiratory acidosis,
uncompensated
A 36-year-old is admitted with vomiting and dehydration after having the flu for 3
days. ABG results are pH 7.46, PaCO2 50, HCO3 33, SaO2 95%. What do these
values indicate to the nurse?
1. metabolic acidosis, uncompensated
2. respiratory acidosis, compensated
3. metabolic alkalosis, partially compensated
4. metabolic alkalosis, uncompensated - ANSWER 3. metabolic alkalosis, partially
compensated
Exam 3 (Clinical Foundations - Washington) Questions
With Complete Solutions
A client who is recovering from surgery has been advanced from a clear liquid diet to
a full liquid diet. The client is looking forward to the diet change because he has
been "bored" with the clear liquid diet. The nurse would offer which full liquid item to
the client?
1. Tea
2. Gelatin
3. Custard
4. Popsicle - ANSWER 3. Custard
A patient on a clear liquid diet is asking for something more. Of the available options,
which is appropriate? Select all that apply.
a. Chicken broth
b. Chicken noodle soup
c. Popsicles
d. Jello
e. Coffee with cream
f. Grape juice - ANSWER a. Chicken broth
c. Popsicles
d. Jello
A patient is NPO after midnight for a surgical procedure. Which statement if made by
the patient, indicates further teaching for instruction?
a. I can only have sips of water after midnight
b. I can take nothing at all by mouth after midnight
c. If the doctor orders it, I can take my oral meds with just a sip of water after
midnight
d. My stomach and bowels will actually be affected by the anesthesia, just like my
consciousness will - ANSWER a. I can only have sips of water after midnight
The nurse is making initial rounds on the nursing unit ti assess the condition of an
assigned client. The nurse notes that a client's IV site is cool, pale, and swollen, and
the solution is not infusing. The nurse concludes that which of the following
complications has occurred?
1. Infection
2. Phlebitis
3. Infiltration
4. Thrombosis - ANSWER 3. Infiltration
,The patient has 20 mg furosemide ordered IV. Before giving it, the nurse checks on
the latest K+ values, knowing that furosemide is a loop diuretic and will decrease
potassium significantly. What is the minimum value that the nurse will give
medication without notifying the physician of hypokalemia? (mEq/L)
A. 3.4
B. 4.1
C. 4.5
D. 5.2 - ANSWER B. 4.1 mEq/L
A patient has been admitted with dehydration secondary to N/V/D after salmonella
infection. The nurse expects an isotonic IV solution to be ordered. Which of the
following are isotonic? SATA (table 40-7)
a. NS
b. D5W
c. D5RL
d. Lactated Ringer
e. D5NS - ANSWER a. NS
b. D5W
d. Lactated Ringer
A patient is in the ICU and has the following blood gases. ABGs: pH 7.32, PCo2 46,
HCO3 25. How should this be categorized?
a. Metabolic Acidosis
b. Metabolic Alkalosis
c. Respiratory Acidosis
d. Respiratory Alkalosis - ANSWER c. Respiratory Acidosis
What are the causes of respiratory acidosis?
a. decreased respiratory rate
b. increased respiratory rate
c. diarrhea for several days
d. vomiting or gastric suction - ANSWER a. decreased respiratory rate
A patient with vomiting from early pregnancy has been admitted. She is quite
dehydrated. Her electrolytes and ABGs were drawn to determine her status and fluid
needs. The values are listed below. Which electrolytes are out of normal range, and
what is the acid-base status?
Na 129; K+ 3.4, Mg 1.6
ABGs: pH 7.47; pCO2 46; HCO3 27
List the abnormal values
a. metabolic alkalosis
b. metabolic acidosis
c. respiratory acidosis
,d. respiratory alkalosis - ANSWER Abnormal values: Na 129, K+ 3.4, all ABGs (all
except Mg)
a. metabolic alkalosis
A patient with vomiting from early pregnancy has been admitted. She is quite
dehydrated. Her electrolytes and ABGs were drawn to determine her status and fluid
needs. The values are listed below. What IV fluids might be anticipated?
Na 129; K+ 3.4, Mg 1.6
ABGs: pH 7.47; pCO2 46; HCO3 27
a. 1/2 NS at 100 ml/hr
b. D5W at 100 ml/hr
c. D5RL at 100 ml/hr
d. NS with 20 mEq KCL at 100 ml/hr - ANSWER D. NS with 20 mEc KCL at 100
ml/hr
A patient has the following ABGs:
pH: 7.51
pCO2: 48
HCO3: 32
What is going on here?
A. metabolic acidosis
B. metabolic alkalosis
C. respiratory acidosis
D. respiratory alkalosis - ANSWER B. metabolic alkalosis
A patient has the following ABGs:
pH: 7.51
pCO2: 48
HCO3: 32
The respiratory is starting to compensate because the pCO2, which is an acid, is
also high. When metabolic alkalosis is fully compensated, which values might we
see in this patient?
a. pH 7.45; pCO2 49; HCO3 32
b. pH 7.35; pCO2 45; HCO3 26
c. pH 7.34; pCO2 47; HCO3 21
d. pH 7.46; pCO2 47; HCO3 27 - ANSWER a. pH 7.45; pCO2 49; HCO3 32
Arterial blood gases on a client with pneumonia indicate the client is in respiratory
acidosis. In order to best improve this acid-base imbalance, the nurse implements
which of the following interventions? Select all that apply.
1. Restrict oral fluid intake to water only
2. Ambulate client in hallways twice a shift
3. Encourage frequent cough and deep breathing exercises
4. Medicate with nonopiate pain medication frequently for intercostal muscle pain
, 5. Give magnesium - ANSWER 3. Encourage frequent cough and deep breathing
exercises
4. Medicate with nonopiate pain medications frequently for intercostal muscle pain
Which of the following arterial blood gases (ABGs) would the nurse expect to see
when a client has apnea and develops acidosis?
1. pH 7.43; pCO2 48; HCO3 25
2. pH 7.29; pCO2 62; HCO3 23
3. pH 7.36; pCO2 42; HCO3 26
4. pH 7.49; pCO2 30; HCO3 35 - ANSWER 2. pH 7.29; pCO2 62; HCO3 23
Which of the following pH values would the nurse expect to see in an anxious client?
1. 7.45
2. 7.38
3. 7.50
4. 7.20 - ANSWER 3. 7.50
A client admitted to the emergency department with chest injuries following a motor
vehicle accident complains that it hurts to breathe. The client's respiratory rate is 12
and very shallow. The nurse would anticipate which of the following results on the
ABGs?
1. pH 7.42, PaCO2 41, HCO3 23, SaO2 96%
2. pH 7.31, PaCO2 49, HCO3 24, SaO2 87%
3. pH 7.49, PaCO2 34, HCO3 30, SaO2 89%
4. pH 7.38, PaCO2 38, HCO3 22, SaO2 90% - ANSWER 2. pH 7.31, PaCO2 49,
HCO3 24, SaO2 87%
A client with COPD is admitted to the hospital with an exacerbation of the disease.
Arterial blood gas (ABG) results are pH 7.30, PaCO2 51, and HCO3 25. How would
the nurse interpret these?
1. Respiratory acidosis, uncompensated
2. Respiratory alkalosis, partially compensated
3. Respiratory acidosis, compensated
4. Metabolic acidosis , compensated - ANSWER 1. Respiratory acidosis,
uncompensated
A 36-year-old is admitted with vomiting and dehydration after having the flu for 3
days. ABG results are pH 7.46, PaCO2 50, HCO3 33, SaO2 95%. What do these
values indicate to the nurse?
1. metabolic acidosis, uncompensated
2. respiratory acidosis, compensated
3. metabolic alkalosis, partially compensated
4. metabolic alkalosis, uncompensated - ANSWER 3. metabolic alkalosis, partially
compensated
